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Recent Examples IV – East-West Migration Within Europe

Recent Examples IV – East-West Migration Within Europe. The Current Debate, Problems and Measures. Boryana Chervilova. The Debate. 1 May 2004 – the Controversial EU Enlargement. - Fears and Scepticism. + Enriching Opportunity €. Fears of the Host Countries. „Welfare Tourism“ Reduced Wages

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Recent Examples IV – East-West Migration Within Europe

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  1. Recent Examples IV – East-West Migration Within Europe The Current Debate, Problems and Measures Boryana Chervilova

  2. The Debate • 1 May 2004 – the Controversial EU Enlargement - Fears and Scepticism + Enriching Opportunity €

  3. Fears of the Host Countries • „Welfare Tourism“ • Reduced Wages • Displacement Effects • Damage to the Welfare System Restrictions: Transitional Agreements

  4. The 4 Different EU-15 Regimes • 1) Be, Lux, Fin, De, Fr, Gre,Sp – no more rights of movement than to the non-EEA nationals (reunions) • 2) Au, Den, It, Por, the Netherlands – quotas. • 3) UK, Ireland – unrestricted access, restricted social benefits. • 4) Sweden – EU community rules apply.

  5. Alternative Viewpoint • Analysts: Restrictions=domestic political concerns of slowing economies, unemployment and anti-immigration sentiments. • Lack of language skills and propensity to move • Case of Greece´81, Sp.&Por ´86 • Declined wages counteracted by “ labor => new investments”

  6. Alternative Viewpoint continued • Displacement – only if jobs are a fixed number • Higher incomes not enough to be a push factor of migration, but also availability of jobs • Imposition of labor restrictions against the EU spirit

  7. I Problems of New Member States • The Czech Case: • Unemployment (Northern Moravia) • Lack of investment; the “poorer neighbour complex” (border with Germany) • Brain drain and • youth-drain (educational migration)

  8. Problems II • Quality of Immigration Coverage (QIC) • Quality of Emmigration Coverage (QEC) Quality of Statistical Data

  9. Measures I • Schengen Aquis to avoid turbullences in the labor market • FDI • Structural Development Funds • Improve economic climate • Realize benefits of larger markets, possibilities for outsourcing, and cheaper labour • Countries develop faster &attract citizens back home

  10. Sources: UNESCO, the CIA, the New Economics Foundation, the World Health Organisation, the Veenhoven Database, the Latinbarometer, the Afrobarometer and the UNHDR.

  11. Measures II • Standardize migration definitions • Okólski (2004): 7 types of flows • UN definitions • Develop stronger European legislation for statistics supplied to Eurostat • Currently – non-binding UN recommendations

  12. Thank You For Your Attention!

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