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RFID in Library

RFID in Library. Jihee Beak Hohyon Ryu. Definition. Radio Frequency Identification Technology that uses wireless radio communications for unique identification of people or assets (Singh & Midha , 2008)

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RFID in Library

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  1. RFID in Library Jihee Beak HohyonRyu

  2. Definition • Radio Frequency Identification • Technology that uses wireless radio communications for unique identification of people or assets (Singh & Midha, 2008) • An RFID tag is a small, low-cost device that can hold a limited amount of data and report that data when queried over radio by a reader. (Molnar et al., 2004) • There are no strict definitions (Robertson et al., 2003)

  3. How it looks

  4. Introduction DC power consumption determines: Size of data storage Speed of information transfer Tx/Rx range Cost Size

  5. Typical RFID System (Lee, 2004)

  6. Applications for RFID Tagging • Keyless entry and smart tickets • Document identification and smart stamps • Animal identification • Automatic tolling • Offender tagging

  7. Library RFID Applications • Collection Management • Efficient inventory control • Remote resource locator • Easy to find lost or hidden books • Easy statistic collection management • Efficient for both users and librarians • Easy to checkout and return (Self-checkout machine) • Easy to sort • Easy to find lost or hidden books

  8. Components of RFID in Library • Tags (Kern, 2004) • Chip • Antenna on a foil • Cover paper or plastic label • Silicon liner

  9. Components of RFID in Library • Readers (Boss, 2003) • Conversion station • Staff workstation at circulation • Patron self check-out station • Exit sensors • Patron self check-in station • Book drop reader • Sorter • Portable reader

  10. Circulation process by RFID Inventory Control System Technical Services workstation Sorting station Security Gates

  11. RFID in U.S. Libraries • Penetration • Molnar(2004) reported that over 130 libraries were using RFID in North America alone. • San Francisco Public library • Seattle Public library • Gold Coast City Council Library • Cerritos Library • Denver Public library • Lied Library, University of Nevada Las Vegas • Salt Lake City Public library • ALA's Library & Information Technology Association (LITA) • RFID Technology Interest Group

  12. RFID in Korean National Library Desktop Reader / Writer Self-Checkout Security Gate

  13. RFID in Korean National Library Checkout machine for reserved books Self-Return Book Drop Smart Shelves

  14. RFID in Korean National Library Printer for ID card for checkout The book which has a RFID chip Machine for collection inventory

  15. Advantages of using RFID in libraries • Speedy circulation operations • High-speed inventory control • Promoting value-added user services • Protecting from stealing or lost books • Reducing the time to reshelf • Longer life than bar codes

  16. Issues for using RFID in library • High cost and budgeting for RFID • Limitation of materials • Physical substance, odd shapes, metal components like CDs • Removal of exposed tags • Exit sensor problems • Issue about RFID’s standard

  17. Price of RFID chip (Lee, 2004)

  18. Budgeting for RFID (Boss, 2003) The labor cost assumes a conversion rate of three tags per minute.

  19. Issue about RFID’s standard

  20. Security Issues (1) • Clandestine tracking and inventorying (Juels, 2005) • RFID tag broadcasts a fixed serial number to nearby readers • RFID privacy legislation • California • 2004: considered and rejected • 2006: Passed • Federal Real ID Act • Development of RF-ID driver’s license • Overlooked privacy issues

  21. Security Issues (2) (Juels, 2005)

  22. Security Issues (3) • Range • UHF: more than 10 meters • HF: a couple of meters • Liquids hamper the scanning (Human Body) • In some RFID even kilometers away.

  23. Security Issues (4) • Authentication • Basic RFID tags are vulnerable to simple counterfeiting attacks. • Jonathan Westhues, an undergraduate student, describes how he constructed what is effectively an RF tape-recorder. This device can read commercial proximity cards – even through walls – and simulate their signals to compromise building entry systems.

  24. Security Problem Solutions • Unique numbering of objects • Consistent and centralized data collection for detection of duplicates • the American Express ExpressPayTM and the MastercardPayPassTM • Cryptographic operations • Side-channel attacks • Authentication of distance

  25. Discussion • While RF-ID library card holders can have enormous amount of convenience, they can be revealed to privacy venerability. Do you think this privacy issues can be serious problems to keep RF-ID system from being adopted? • Do you think RF-ID is far better than bar-code and magnetic circulation system? Is it worth to move on? • As a future or current librarian, how do you feel about adopting cutting-edge technologies?

  26. References • Singh, G. & Midha, M. (2008). RFID: A new technology in library managament systems. Journal of Interlibrary Loan 18(4), 439-447 • Molnar, D. & Wagner, D. (2004). Privacy and Security in Library RFID Issues, Practices, and Architectures. • Robertson, I. D. & Jalaly, I. (2003). RFID Tagging Explained, Communications Engineer. • Juels, A. (2005). RFID Security and Privacy: A Research Survey. • Kern. C. (2004). Radio-frequency-identification for security and media circulation in libraries. The Electronic Library 22(4) 317-324 • Ohkubo. M, Suzuki, K. & Kinoshita, S. (2005). RFID privacy issues and technical challenges. Communications of the ACM 48(9) 66-71

  27. References • Boss, R. W. RFID TECHNOLOGY FOR LIBRARIES. from Public Library Association. http://www.ala.org/ala/shadows/pla/plapubs/technotes/rfidtechnology.cfm • Coyle, K. (2005). Management of RFID in Libraries. The Journal of Academic Librarianship 31(5) 486-489 • Ayre, L. B. (2004) Position Paper: RFID and Libraries from http://galecia.com/included/docs/position_rfid_permission.pdf • Lee, E. G. (2004). RFID dissemination forecast and issues: Environment analysis, price forecast, political considerations. The Journal of Korean Information Communication Policy 16(13)

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