THE TUDORS

1. THE TUDORS INTRODUCTION

2. Locating the Tudors in time • The Tudors ruled the kingdomfrom 1485 to 1603. • The reigns of the Tudor monarchsstretches over / spansseveral centuries. • The Tudors ruled the country from the late 15th century to the early 17th century. • The Tudor eralasts for several centuries. Exercise : fill in the blankswith one wordfrom the list: Arrived - Roses - Battle – Reformation – Happened - Religion The Tudors ruled England from 1485 to 1603. The first Tudor king was Henry VII. He became king after the…… of Bosworth field, which ended the War of the ……. Tudor England was a period of great change. There was religious turmoil as the ……………swept through Europe and the way of life for ordinary people in England changed a lot as a result of many things that …………….. during the Tudor era.

3. Vocabulary: the monarchy A King (a male ruler), a Queen (a femaleruler). Attention pas d’article dans : King Henry VIII, Queen Elizabeth 1st; Prince Consort Albert, etc. Kingdom vs. realm: the kingdom of England Kingship: the duties and qualities of a king King-like vs. royal (a royal wedding) The monarchy Life at court, courtiers Subjects A counsellor – an advisor Ministersrun the government Churchmen (cardinals, archbishops, bishops)

6. HENRY VII • Henry's rule / reign was successful. He ended the war of the roses through his defeat of Richard III and marriage to Elizabeth of York. He managed to make peace with Spain. His eldest son, Arthur, married Catherine of Aragon (She married Henry VIII after Arthur died) and he brought stability, law and order back to England and Wales.

7. The War of the Roses The Battle of Bosworth Field marked the end of the War of the Roses. The Battle was fought between the supporters of King Richard III and Henry Tudor. At Bosworth Field the Lancastrians, led by Henry Tudor, defeated Richard III who died during the course of the battle. As a result Henry Tudor became King Henry VII of England and Wales. Wagewar – warriors in armour – warlike countries – war-torn countries – warring clans – warfare. A battleisfoughtcffight a battle The battlefield To surrender To defeat / vanquish the ennemy

8. HENRY VIII • Henry VIII was one of the most famous kings of England. He was born on June 28, 1491. Henry was the second son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. • He lived at Hampton Court Palace for most of his life. Henry was very intelligent. He learned to speak many languages and he liked sports. He even wrote books and music. • Henry VIII became king at the age of eighteen in 1502.  King Henry VIII was successful in wars against the Scots and the French. He continued to build up the English navy. • He was granted the title "Defender of the Faith" by the Pope. He later questioned the Church's authority when they refused to grant him a divorce from his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. As a result, he split from the Catholic Church and established the Church of England.  • He annexed Wales into Britain, creating a unified nation.

10. Catherine of Aragon as a young widow, by Henry VII's court painter,MichaelSittow, in c. 1502 Henry is probably most famous for the fact that he had six wives. When Catherine of Aragon did not produce a living son, he sought to divorce her. She was the mother of Mary I. After Henry split with the Church and divorced her, he married Anne Boleyn. Anne was the mother of Elizabeth I, who would reign England for many years. Anne Boleyn was beheaded. Henry next married Jane Seymour. Jane died while giving birth to Henry's only living son, Edward VI. Henry's next wife was Anne of Cleves. He married her as a political alliance but divorced her immediately. His next wife, Catherine Howard, was beheaded when Henry found she was interested in someone else. His last wife, Catherine Parr, outlived King Henry.

11. Allegory of the Tudor Succession, 1572, Lucas de Heere, Sudeley Castle