Born digital: publishing for 21 st -century research

1. Born digital: publishing for 21st-century research 原生電子：21世紀出版新思維 Chris Bennett, Head of Library Sales c.bennett@oup.com

2. The digital publishing landscape, 2011電子出版概觀 (1) Too much information! 資訊暴漲！ Fragmentation: different formats, platforms and models 資訊資料分散：不同的格式、不同的平台、不同的結構 Saturation? Library budgets and changing business models in recession, particularly in journals publishing 飽和? 圖書館預算與經濟衰退時而調整的期刊出版商業模式

3. The digital publishing landscape, 2011電子出版概觀 (2) Consolidation? Publishing partnerships, acquisitions, co-publishing and distribution 整合? 出版夥伴、刊物收購、聯合出版、以及銷售與通路合作 Technology and ‘disruptive change’ in scholarly communication: 科技以及學術交流模式的急轉彎 the role of ebooks 電子書的角色 search and discoverability 搜尋方式以及能見度 from putting print content online to creating digital content 從紙本轉電子到直接以電子方式呈現 social media 社會媒體 3

4. Responding to changing demand因應需求的改變 What do libraries and end-users want? Quality 品質 Relevance 關聯性 Discoverability 能見度 Interoperability 相容度 Clear and scalable business models 清楚與可及的商業模式 Sustainable pricing models 能長久維持的價格模式

5. Developing business models發展商業模式 Subscription or purchase? 租賃或買斷? Patron-driven 顧客或讀者導向 PPV and variants 單次付費與其他模式 Short-term loan 短期租用 Open access 開放資源 Free! 免費!

6. Moving from print-based to born-digital從紙本為基礎的出版模式 到 原生電子出版 Case study: Oxford Handbooks Online To be revealed: how a print handbooks series is becoming a digital article service 牛津紙本手冊蛻變成電子文章服務 How and why book and journal formats are becoming similar 為何書本與期刊的格式愈來越接近 Why content is still king, but speed and currency are crucial to the digital age of information publishing 解讀為何內容是最重要的，而不是格式

7. Oxford Handbook Series牛津參考指南系列 • First Oxford Handbooks in 2003 • Now close to 200 in print; over 100 online • Series spans 14 disciplines; 4 online • Guide to current state of scholarly debate • Perspective, Review, Original Argument • Widely viewed as vital source for authoritative information • Archaeology 考古學 • Business & Management 商管 • Classics 古典文學 • Economics & Finance 經濟金融 • History 歷史 • Law 法律 • Linguistics 語言學 • Literature 文學 • Music 音樂 • Philosophy 哲學 • Political Science 政治學 • Psychology 心理學 • Religion 宗教 • Criminology 犯罪學

8. Why is the series a success?為何指南系列會成功? • Helps working scholars keep up with advances in the field 幫助學者在專業領域中獲得最新的進展資訊 • Review articles increasingly important role 文章評論的重要性提高 • Publishing explosion: more research, more interdisciplinary, more international 出版內容暴漲：更多研究、更多跨學科、更國際化 • Each article is high-level academic writing (like journals) 每篇文章都是高質量的學術著作 (有如期刊) • Frequently used for teaching in advanced levels 經常被教授作為進階課程的教材

9. Transforming OHO蛻變的牛津線上參考指南 • Article Service Model文章 • Navigation based on articles • 以文章層面進行瀏覽 • Chapters published online before print • 章節以線上版本出版優先 • Scholarship more up-to-date • 學術內容更即時 • Better for users of this content • 更適合使用者瀏覽內容 • Online-only articles for broader & deeper coverage • 僅線上出版的文章有更廣更深的涵蓋範圍 • Continuous updating 不斷地更新 • Editor-in-chief and editorial board • 擁有主編與編輯群 Ebook Title Collection電子書 • Launched in 2009 發表 • 103 titles by 2011 – 3,400 articles 至2011年共有103本電子書 (3,400篇全文) • Navigate through books 以書本的模式進行瀏覽 • Updated 3x a year 每年有三次更新 • Chapters wait years for publication 新內容需要等待長時間才能出版 • New edition for updates 更新內容須等待 • All articles via print titles 全部文章經由紙本書出版

10. Print / Online Coordination Handbook Database ACTIVE PRINT PROGRAM ONLINE-ONLY ARTICLES UPDATES PRINT VOLUMES

11. Print / Online Users PHILOSOPHY PSYCHOLOGY HISTORY RELIGION “Memory” The online article service provides comprehensive coverage and targets institutional libraries Cognitive Psychology syllabus The print program provides authoritative selections and targets individuals, classroom use

12. Oxford Handbooks Online 2.0 牛津線上參考指南“Oxford Research Reviews” “牛津研究評論” • Launch in spring 2012 on new platform 新平台於 2012年推出 • 14 disciplines from Oxford Handbook series 十四個學科 • 258 titles – over 12,000 articles at launch for one-time purchase per subject area (like a backfile) 共 258本電子書 – 超過 12,000篇全文以科目領域採一次性買斷 • 3,000-4,000 new articles per year to subscribe, with ownership per subject area (like journals current content) 每年每個科目領域 3,000至 4,000新文章提供租賃和買斷 • Archaeology 考古學 • Business & Management 商管 • Classics 古典文學 • Economics & Finance 經濟金融 • History 歷史 • Law 法律 • Linguistics 語言學 • Literature 文學 • Music 音樂 • Philosophy 哲學 • Political Science 政治學 • Psychology 心理學 • Religion 宗教 • Criminology 犯罪學

13. Discoverability-driven publishing提高能見度為導向的出版模式 Case study: Oxford Bibliographies Online To be revealed: the process of creation of a born-digital service to help researchers find exactly the right content 如何以原生電子內容的配套功能來幫助讀者尋找正確的內容 How XML-first publishing helps researchers and libraries XML格式的出版如何幫助研究人員與圖書館 How publishing-as-a-service adds value to the library 出版服務如何為圖書館增添價值

14. The Information Overload Problem資訊超載問題 Content overload culture has scholars in crisis 內容超載的文化將引發學者的危機 • Can’t keep up with field developments無法與專業領域的發展同步 • Slows down productivity on research projects 拖慢研究計畫 • Blurs levels of authority 模糊好資源的權威性 • Guiding students becoming impossible 使學生的引導更困難 “Like others, I am drowning in scholarly research.” “我如同其他人，在過多的學術研究中被淹沒。” --David Forsythe, University of Nebraska-Lincoln

15. How does OBO address the issue?牛津線上參考書目資料庫 如何解決這些問題 • Each entry is an expert guide to the best sources in the subject area 每個條目都是專家指南，引導至學科領域中最好的資源 • Provides a shortcut, saving researchers time and effort為研究人員提供捷徑 • Providescontextual understanding (commentary, notes) 提供上下文全面性的理解 (評論、註解等) • Guidance through all content types (not only journals or books) 引導至所有類型的資源 (不限於期刊或書籍) • Provides easy path to full text on free web or in library collection 提供簡單快速的連結至網際網路以及圖書館藏的全文 “A truly excellent resource for research at all levels.” --Peter Lamarque, University of York

16. Major enhancements since launch自推出後的升級 • Major updates since launch • 功能與介面升級 • Completely redesigned look and feel • Improved search & browse • Personalization features (My OBO) • Massive expansion of content • 內容的擴充 • 11,000,000 words published • 1,430 articles published • 1,125 authors • 20 subject areas available • 17 additional fields in development OBO has been widely adopted by universities worldwide!

17. Steady growth of high-quality content高品質內容的穩定成長 • Each subject area has standing Editor in Chief and Editorial Board 每個學科領域都有常設的主編與編輯委員會 • Editorial boards work to ensure that we commission top tier scholars internationally 編輯委員會審查與確保作者為國際間最頂尖專業學者 • Each article receives two peer reviews before it is accepted for publication 每篇文章皆需獲得二位同儕的審慎評鑑 • All published content is reviewed on an annual basis by the Editorial Board and updated as needed 所有出版的內容每年皆由編輯委員會復審檢閱以及更新 • Each subject area will triple in size over the first three years it is online, to around 150 entries 各學科領域的內容在上線的前三年將以三倍成長，達到約 150個條目 “I am more enthusiastic about the possibilities of OBO than I have been for any other online project I have ever been asked to review.” --Maryanne Kowaleski, Professor of History

18. 37 Subject Areas in the Program計畫中的三十七個學科領域 Criminology Ecology Education Geography Hinduism International Law International Relations Islamic Studies Jewish Studies Latin American Studies Latino Studies Linguistics Management Studies Medieval Studies Military History Music Philosophy Political Science Psychology Public Health Renaissance and Reformation Social Work Sociology Victorian Literature African Studies American Literature Anthropology Art History Atlantic History Biblical Studies British and Irish Literature Buddhism Childhood Studies Chinese Studies Cinema and Media Studies Classics Communication One-time purchase or subscription, per subject area 以學科領域為單位，提供租賃以及買斷的採購選擇

19. Thank you! Any questions?