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Tracking an invasive crane fly pest complex in North America

Tracking an invasive crane fly pest complex in North America Sujaya Rao, Aaron Liston & Jon Umble, Oregon State University. Photo: Tom Cook. Photo: Tom Cook. Abstract

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Tracking an invasive crane fly pest complex in North America

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  1. Tracking an invasive crane fly pest complex in North America Sujaya Rao, Aaron Liston & Jon Umble, Oregon State University Photo: Tom Cook Photo: Tom Cook Abstract Two exotic crane fly species, Tipula paludosa and T. oleracea, inadvertently introduced into North America, damage grasses in home lawns, golf courses, sod farms and seed production fields. Damage has also been observed in commercial peppermint. Both species are spreading and have been detected as far south as California in the west and in upstate New York in the east. We developed a mitochondrial cytB sequence technique for rapid separation of the two species, and for determining habitats where larvae of both species are present. The DNA analysis technique will be used for tracking further range expansion by the two species. Damage by exotic crane fly larvae Distribution of T. paludosa and T. oleracea in N. America Home lawn Peppermint Geographic distribution in Oregon – adult survey Mitochondrial cytB sequences for rapid larval identification Differences between T. paludosa and T. oleracea Primer sequences used T. oleracea T. paludosa All sites sampled T. oleracea T. paludosa Host range in Oregon - survey of larvae* Eggs Adults T. oleracea T. paludosa Adult emergence A single representative phylogenetic tree obtained from maximum parsimony analysis of the mitochondrial cytB sequence data. Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Larval feeding aestivation Voltinism Diagnostic marker (research in progress) * Larvae identified using mt cytB sequence • Publications: • Rao, S., Liston, A., Crampton, L. and Takeyasu, J. 2006. Identification of larvae of exotic Tipula paludosa (Diptera: Tipulidae) and T. oleracea in North America using mitochondrial cytB sequences. Annals of the Entomological Society of America (In Press). • Umble, J. and Rao, S. 2004. Exotic Tipula paludosa and T. oleracea (Diptera: Tipulidae) in the United States: Geographic distribution in western Oregon. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 80:42-52. • Rao, S. and Gelhaus, J. 2003. Peppermint, a new host record for crane flies (Diptera: Tipulidae). Pan-Pacific Entomologist 79: 45-46

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