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Manifest Destiny

Manifest Destiny. Unit 5-1. What is Manifest Destiny?. Idea the it was our “ God-given” right to control coast to coast (artic to tropics too?) in America “American Race” idea. Frontier Thesis. Frederick Jackson Turner (historian) – We were great because we could always grow/expand.

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Manifest Destiny

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  1. Manifest Destiny Unit 5-1

  2. What is Manifest Destiny? • Idea the it was our “God-given” right to control coast to coast (artic to tropics too?) in America • “American Race” idea

  3. Frontier Thesis • Frederick Jackson Turner (historian) – We were great because we could always grow/expand. • Why move west? • Land (CHEAP LAND!) • What were the problems? • Indians and now other countries too

  4. What is in the way of Manifest Destiny? 1832

  5. Before the 1830s, how did we get what we already had? • Treaty of Paris 1783 • After Revolutionary War the area from Appalachian Mts to Mississippi River • Louisiana Purchase 1803 • From France - $15 million • Adams-Onis Treaty 1819 • From Spain after 1st Seminole War for $5 million • How did Europe’s conflicts benefit the young United States?

  6. Why would different sections want the U.S. to expand? • The South • Expansion of slave states • The East • More markets for products/resources • The “West” (Mississippi valley/Great Lakes area) • Frontier “spirit”, land • Pioneer Spirit • Rugged Individualism

  7. Where can we go and what is the problem? • Cuba • Spain owns it • Texas • Mexico owns it • California and southwest • Mexico owns it • Oregon Territory • Not sure who owns it. Mexico, Russia, U.S. and Britain all have claims

  8. Western Trails • Santé Fe Trail • Begins in Independence, Mo • Traders to Santé Fe • Created more interest into Mexican-owned territory • Oregon Trail • Begins in Independence, Mo • To Willamette Valley (Portland) Oregon • What are some of the dangers faced on the trail?

  9. Oregon • Started with Fur Traders and missionaries • John Jacob Astor • Marcus and Narcissa Whitman • Joint Occupation – U.S. and Britain both settled (ignored Russia and Mexico’s claims) • “Fifty-four Forty or Fight” – slogan for those who wanted to fight Britain for it all • 49th Parallel – Peaceful boundary for most of the area

  10. Cuba Texas and SW • Southerners hoped to expand into this Spanish-held territory (with slaves) • Tried to buy and even once a small group tried to take over by force. • In early 1850s, the U.S. tried to buy it with the Ostend Manifesto, but anti-slavery members of Congress stopped it. • We’ll look at that in next section.

  11. What did the Presidents do with Manifest Destiny? • Jackson and Van Buren • Both avoided the issue as they knew the issue would bring up the issue of the expansion of slavery. • Tyler and Polk (change Harrison to Polk on notes) • Tyler supported expansion. Polk made it the central issue in the election of 1844 as he pushed to add Texas and Oregon. - Was Jackson right?

  12. Election of 1844 • Democrat – James K. Polk (darkhorse candidate) • Whig – Henry Clay (yes, he is still here!) • Issue – Expansion with Oregon and Texas

  13. Misc. Manifest Destiny Info • Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (1850) – idea of building a canal in Central America with Britain • Did we do it then? • Aroostook “War” – Argument over Canadian-Maine border. Settled peacefully with Britain in 1842 by the Webster-Ashburton Treaty • California Gold Rush

  14. Misc. Sites • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aLdQ4DUnnw4&feature=related – state admission • http://www.animatedatlas.com/movie.html - growth of a nation • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m65PhvCaDtQ&list=UUZYs757tACChkS-vjS1m66Q&index=53&feature=plcp – review video

  15. Reflection Questions • How did the idea of Manifest Destiny contribute to the “American Dream?” • How did the United States in the late 1700s and early 1800s benefit from the problems in Europe? • How did our relationship with Great Britain change in the first half of the nineteenth century? • What future problems would the United States face due to Manifest Destiny?

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