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Japan becomes an imperialist power

Explore Japan's history of isolation, cultural diffusion from China, feudal system, Meiji Era reforms, and conflicts with China and Russia. Learn about Japan's rise as an imperialist power.

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Japan becomes an imperialist power

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  1. Japan becomes an imperialist power Ms. Susan M. Pojer & Mrs. Lisbeth RathHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

  2. Archipelago- chain of Island 4,000, 4 main islands Mountains Steppe Farming due to limited land 12% arable Lack of Navigable Rivers -Located on Rim of Fire (Volcano activity common) Geography:

  3. lack of resources ** Disasters -> typhoons, volcanoes dense population Isolation from foreign world *** Mongols tried to invade but never could---> “Magical Winds” How does geography influence Japan?

  4. Throughout Japanese history, Japan had stayed isolated from foreigners Isolation

  5. Japan is similar to what culture? Why? - cultural diffusion from China examples: Character writing (Kana), Confucianism, Zen Buddhism cooking, gardening, Japan vs. China

  6. Small clans Early Rulers: Yamato  never very strong but never overthrown During middle ages, landowners became very powerful and Japan settled into its own feudal type system Rice Tax Nobles (Daimyos) rise in power Early History

  7. Tokugawa Shogun Military leader of Japan during the Middle Ages -Used to be a temporary title but now became a permanent title Emperor power declines (figure head)

  8. Shogun makes decision to keep Japan isolated from invaders! Tokugawa= Isolate!

  9. Bushido Japanese Samurai code of warrior **Similar to European Knights code of Chivalry Bushido

  10. A vulgar term meaning ‘to slice the abdomen’, which refers to a ritualized form of suicide carried out by Japanese samurai beginning in the Tokugawa period. More properly called seppuku, it involved making two small cross-wise slices across the gut while in a kneeling position, after which a second would behead the samurai with a sword. In practice, the first step was rarely carried out. Harakiri (seppuku)

  11. Japan Changes Direction During the Meiji Era: 1868 - 1912 Commodore Matthew Perry

  12. 1853 – Commodore Matthew Perry“Opens Up” Japan to Western Trade!

  13. What Did the U. S. Want?? • Coaling stations. • More trading partners. • A haven for ship-wrecked sailors.

  14. The Treaty of Kanagawa - 1854

  15. Japan Learns a Lesson! In 1862, just before the start of the Meiji period, Tokugawa sent officials and scholars to China to study the situation there. A Japanese recorded in his diary from Shanghai… The Chinesehave become servants to the foreigners. Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's no more than a colony of Great Britain and France.

  16. China’s “Unequal Treaties” • After the Opium War of 1839-1842, Japan was convinced that it had to Open Up to the West.

  17. The Shi-shi (“Men of High Purpose”) • Highly idealistic samurai who felt that the arrival of Westerners was an attack on the traditional values of Japan. • They believed that: • Japan was sacred ground. • The emperor, now a figurehead in Kyoto, was a God. • Were furious at the Shogun for signing treaties with the West without the Emperor’s consent. • Their slogan Revere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarians!

  18. The Meiji Revolt - 1868 • A powerful group of samurai overthrow the Shogun. • Helped Japan emerge from feudalism into a unified modern state.

  19. The Emperor Is “Restored” to Power MEIJI “Enlightened Rule”

  20. Newspaper Cartoon, 1870s? Enlightened Half-Enlightened Un-Enlightened

  21. Modernization by “Selective Borrowing” • Popular board game. • Start by leaving Japan & studying in various Western capitals. • End by returning to Japan and becoming a prominent government official.

  22. EuropeanGoods • Europe began to “loom large” in the thinking of many Japanese. • New slogan:Japanese Spirit; Western Technology!

  23. The Japanese Became Obsessedwith Western Styles Civilization and Enlightenment!

  24. LandRedistribution Westernizethe SchoolSystem(Fr. & Ger.) Abolitionof the feudal system ModernBankingSystem Modernize the Army(Prussian) MeijiReforms WrittenConstitution(Germans) Build aModern Navy(British) Human Rights & ReligiousFreedom EmperorWorshipIntensified

  25. Sino-Japanese War: 1894-1895 The Meiji Emperor was in Hiroshima during the Sino-Japanese War

  26. Today—Tensions Between China & Japan • Offshore gas field in the East China Sea reveals recently strained relations between China & Japan. • Tension over disputed gas field on the rise, exacerbating mutual mistrust dating back to the Sino-Japanese War. EEZ-Exclusive Economic Zone.

  27. The Russo-Japanese War:1904-1905 The Battle of Tsushima:The results startled the world!

  28. President Teddy Roosevelt Mediates the Peace The Treaty of Portsmouth, NH ended the Russo-Japanese War.

  29. Japan Annexes Korea

  30. Japan Is a Player in China

  31. Competition from Another “Pacific” Power Is on the Horizon

  32. The U. S. “Great White Fleet” Japan

  33. But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .

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