Bike Race Tracking System Team: Half n’ Half PDR

1. Bike Race Tracking SystemTeam: Half n’ HalfPDR Jasmine Jihyun Kim, Claire Lawson, Jason Myer, Gabriel Seitz, Kevin Sternberg, Julie Yamashita

2. PDR Outline Position Tracking ZigBee Wi-Fi RFID Labor Time Management Budget Risk and Contingency Plans Resources • Mission Statement • Overview • Functional Decomposition • Sub-Systems • Bike Module • Checkpoint Server • Main Server • Displays Half n' Half PDR

3. Mission Statement • Our goal is to create a wireless system that tracks in real-time the location and ranking of cyclists in a bike race and displays this to the spectators and each rider. Half n' Half PDR Photo Credit: http://randy4u.blogspot.com/2007_07_01_archive.html

4. Overview • Large display for spectators • Small display on handlebars for each cyclist • Final Demonstration vs Actual Implementation Half n' Half PDR

5. Objectives Primary: • Create a wireless communication system • Accurately perform location tracking • Display information to bikers and spectators Secondary: • LED spokes will show the biker's position as the wheel spins • Detect speed of bike along with Position Tertiary: • Alternative implementations: keeping track of children at amusement parks or baggage when travelling Half n' Half PDR

6. Functional Decomposition: Level 0 Half n' Half PDR

7. Functional Decomposition: Level 1 Half n' Half PDR

8. UML Half n' Half PDR

9. Bike Module: Decomposition Half n' Half PDR

10. Bike Module: Functions • Attached to each bike • Acts as a mobile tracking device • Sends its location to Checkpoint Server • Receives current race ranking and updates Cyclist Display Half n' Half PDR Photo Credit: http://www.mauiroadbikerentals.com/

11. Bike Module: Requirements • Able to transmit information regarding its current location • Able to receive information from Main Server regarding placement of bike in race Half n' Half PDR

12. Checkpoint Server: Decomposition Half n' Half PDR

13. Checkpoint Server: Functions • Bikes can distance far away from Main Server throughout the race • Range from Main Server to Bike may be too far • Multiple checkpoints will be set up around track to minimize distance from Bike • Facilitates communication between Bike and Main Server • Determines and stores cyclists' location • Transmits location to Main Server Half n' Half PDR

14. Checkpoint Server: Requirements • Able to receive information regarding position of Bike Module • Able to store the location of multiple Bike Module locations • Transmit location of each Bike Module to Main Server Half n' Half PDR

15. Main Server: Decomposition Half n' Half PDR

16. Main Server: Functions • Processes all measured data to determine the ranking of each cyclist • Updates the Spectator Display with the ranking • Transmits the ranking information to each cyclist • Single transmission that will be decoded by each Bike Module Half n' Half PDR

17. Main Server: Requirements • Able to receive info from the Checkpoint Server • Have enough memory and processing to handle the ranking calculation • Able to interface with Spectator Display • Programmable to our custom code • Interface with a computer to load program • Transmit data to the Bike Module that contains the ranking information Half n' Half PDR

18. RF Communication • RF communication from bike to checkpoint and from checkpoint to Main Server • Easier for Main Server to transmit data to bike • Use of antennas will help the signal strength Half n' Half PDR

19. Spectator Display Sub-System • Communicates information about the bike race to the spectators • Receives information from Main Server • Displays • Position of each biker • Map with each biker marked Half n' Half PDR

20. Cyclist Display Sub-System • Communicates information about the bike race to the bikers • There will be a display on the bike for the biker's use • Displays • Placement of rider in bike race Half n' Half PDR

21. Position Tracking Options • ZigBee • Advantage: Low power, long ranges, cheap, adaptable to all network topologies • Disadvantage: Lots of static nodes • Wi-Fi • Advantage: Fast data rates, less nodes required • Disadvantage: Large power consumption, bulkier in size, expensive • RFID • Advantage: Low power,very long ranges • Disadvantage: Limited transmit rate Half n' Half PDR

22. How Zigbee Works • Zigbee protocol allows for ad-hoc communication networks • This can be used to calculate position by triangulation using signal strength Half n' Half PDR

23. How to Find Cyclist Using Zigbee • We will use Zigbee Technology to locate the biker • The following system is just for the Bike Module and Checkpoint Server • 3 Types of Zigbee Nodes: Mobile, Static and Gateway • Mobile Nodes (Bike) • Static Nodes (Network) • Gateway Node (Checkpoint Server) Half n' Half PDR Photo Credit: http://www.freescale.com/files/microcontrollers/doc/brochure/PositionLocationMonitoring.pdf

24. How to Find Cyclist Using Zigbee • Gateway Node relays a signal to Static nodes • Static Nodes use triangulation to locate the Mobile Node • Static Nodes relays location back to the Gateway Node • Possibly using MC13224v or CC2431 Half n' Half PDR

25. Zigbee Time Synchronization • We are synchronizing all ZigBee nodes with each other • Beacon best fits with peer-to-peer protocols • Master-slave communications use time synchronizing messages through beacons • Still looking into time syncing protocols Half n' Half PDR • Photo Credit: http://www.ece.uah.edu/~milenka/docs/dc_ssst05_synch.pdf

26. Wi-Fi • Beaconing and Bi-Directional Communication • Performs location calculations through a unique beaconing method • Full bi-directional Wi-Fi connectivity and security, enabling it to send and receive information from the network. • Acknowledgements • Capable of requesting and receiving acknowledgements for user initiated data message or telemetry transmission. Half n' Half PDR

27. Wi-Fi • Implementation • Use existing WIFI system in conjunction with creating hotspots • Signal strengths (Using Speedtest.net) Half n' Half PDR

28. Why not RFID? • Passive • Range is too short • Unable to handle multiple units • Active • Same power consumption as Zigbee • Limited transmit rate • Unable to perform real-time tracking Half n' Half PDR

29. Our solution: Zigbee • Very low power, capable data rate, low cost • Can Tx data over longer ranges by relaying in a network • Max Nodes per Network: 65,000 Half n' Half PDR Photo Credit:http://www.mouser.com/new/texasinstruments/ticc253x/

30. Division of Labor Half n' Half PDR P = Primary, S = Secondary

31. Time Management – Fall Half n' Half PDR

32. Time Management – Spring Half n' Half PDR

33. Budget Half n' Half PDR

34. Budget Continued Half n' Half PDR

35. Risks and Contingency Plans • Zigbee parts may not be available (first chip CC2431 was not available). • Use different chip (MC13224v). • Zigbee transmission might have interference • Place more static nodes around course to ensure all areas are covered. • Zigbee transmission in air may be delayed substantially due to lots of activity in the channel. (Ex: Wireless Headphones) • Reduce transmission data packets so that there is less data is in air. • Certain timing protocols can mess up the ZigBee algorithms • Use alternative timing protocols. • Unfamiliar interface between Zigbee and wireless transmission of different means. • Prototype model. Half n' Half PDR

36. Questions? Half n' Half PDR Photo Credit: http://fpafinancialplanningblog.files.wordpress.com/2011/11/question.jpg

37. Resources • http://www.specifications.nl/zigbee/zigbee_UK.php • http://www.ece.uah.edu/~milenka/docs/dc_ssst05_synch.pdf • http://www.freescale.com/files/microcontrollers/doc/brochure/PositionLocationMonitoring.pdf Half n' Half PDR