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Circuits, Batteries, and Resistors

Lesson 4. Circuits, Batteries, and Resistors. Warm Up Questions. Q: What does an ammeter measure? How fast the electrons are moving How many electrons are in the wire The amount of electric charge moving past a given point in a wire in one second

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Circuits, Batteries, and Resistors

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  1. Lesson 4 Circuits, Batteries, and Resistors

  2. Warm Up Questions Q: What does an ammeter measure? • How fast the electrons are moving • How many electrons are in the wire • The amount of electric charge moving past a given point in a wire in one second • How much energy the electrons have as they move through the wire

  3. Warm Up Questions Match with its description: • Measure of the amount of electrical energy carried by a particle • Unit of electrical charge • The rate of flow of electrons in a wire • A pathway through which electricity can flow COULOMB VOLTAGE CIRCUIT

  4. Review of Symbols + - SWITCH LIGHT BULB BATTERY CONDUCTOR RESISTOR

  5. A Simple Circuit • Requires 3 things: • A source of electrons • The path for electrons • A place for electrons to go

  6. A Simple Circuit A PATHWAY FOR ELECTRONS WHAT WOULD THE SCHEMATIC LOOK LIKE? PLACE FOR ELECTRONS TO GO SOURCE OF ELECTRONS

  7. Using Schematic Symbols WHAT WOULD THE SCHEMATIC LOOK LIKE?

  8. Open and Closed Circuits • A CIRCUIT is the path through which electricity flows • Current only flows through CLOSED CIRCUITS (has no breaks or gaps in it the loop) • A circuit with a break in it is called an OPEN CIRCUIT

  9. Open and Closed Circuits • SWITCHES can open or close circuits turning LOADS on or off • LOADS turn electrical energy into other forms of energy. Ex/ • Lightbulbs • Buzzers • Heating elements

  10. The Battery: Another Look • Chemical Energy is converted to Electrical Energy • Different materials have different electric potentials • Putting two different materials together will make a potential difference or a VOLTAGE

  11. The Battery: Another Look LOW POTENTIAL VOLTAGE or POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE HIGH POTENTIAL

  12. The Battery: Another Look The zinc gives away electrons to make Zn2+. When all of the zinc has been converted to Zn2+, all the reactants have been used up the battery dies. This is why batteries degrade over time.

  13. Resistors • Resistors controls the amount of current within the circuit • Without them, batteries would quickly discharge themselves

  14. Resistors • Resistance is measured in Ohms () • Resistance (R) depends on: • Length of object (longer = higher R) • Width of object (wider = lower R) • Type of object • Resistance increases with temperature • As molecules heat up, they move faster and make it more difficult for electrons to pass through it

  15. What can Resistors do? Dimmer switches are variable resistors also known as rheostats that control the current to your light bulbs, controlling their brightness They control the amount of current in a circuit

  16. What can Resistors do? Light bulbs and heating elements on stoves themselves are resistors because they lower current by converting energy into light and heat. These are examples of LOAD devices.

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