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Energy and Its Forms

Ch 15.1. Energy and Its Forms. Energy and Work. Work is done when a force moves an object a distance Work is a transfer of energy. Energy is the ability to do work Both measured in J. Kinetic Energy. Energy of motion Depends on mass and speed. KE = ½ mv2 SI Units: KE- m- v-.

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Energy and Its Forms

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  1. Ch 15.1 Energy and Its Forms

  2. Energy and Work • Work is done when a force moves an object a distance • Work is a transfer of energy • Energy is the ability to do work • Both measured in J

  3. Kinetic Energy • Energy of motion • Depends on mass and speed • KE = ½ mv2 SI Units: • KE- • m- • v-

  4. KE Practice • A 0.10 kg bird is flying at a constant speed of 8 m/s. What is the birds kinetic energy? • Given: • Formula: • Solve:

  5. Math Practice pg 448 • 1. • 2. • 3. • 4.

  6. Potential Energy • Energy that is stored due to position or shape • Stored energy turns into KE

  7. Potential Energy • PE that depends upon an objects height • Increases with increased height • PE = mgh SI Unit • m- • g- • h- • PE that is stretched or compressed • Object springs back to its original shape Gravitational PE Elastic PE

  8. Forms of Energy • Energy associated with motion and position of everyday objects • Sum of PE and KE • Total PE and KE of all the microscopic particles in an object • Particles move faster, becoming warmer Mechanical Thermal

  9. Forms of Energy • Energy stored in chemical bonds • Energy associated with electric charges Chemical Electrical

  10. Forms of Energy • Form of energy that travels through space in the form of waves • Energy stored in the atomic nucleus • Fission- releases energy, splits apart • Fusion- releases energy, comes together Electromagnetic Nuclear

  11. 15.2 Energy Conversion and Conservation

  12. Conservation of Energy • Energy cannot be created or destroyed • It is transferred or converted

  13. Energy Conversion • Energy can be converted from 1 form to another • Process of changing energy – energy conversion • Gravitational PE converts into KE as an object falls

  14. Energy Conversions • Pendulums • PE constantly converted back and forth to KE • Stays in motion due to weight • Pole Vaults

  15. Energy Conversion Calculations • KE + PE = KE + PE (Beginning) (End) • KE= • PE=

  16. Conversion Practice • A 1.50kg brick is dropped from rest and hits the ground at a speed of 26m/s. Ignore air resistance, calculate PE before the brick was dropped. • Given: • Formula: • Solve:

  17. Math Practice pg 458 • 1. • 2. • 3.

  18. Energy and Mass • Albert Einstein • Theory of Relativity • E = mc2 • Energy and mass are equivalent and can be converted into each other • c= speed of light 3.0 x 108 m/s

  19. Ch 15.3 Energy Resources

  20. Nonrenewable Energy • Exists in limited quantities • Once used, it can’t be replaced except over the course of millions of years • Natural Gas • Coal • Uranium • Also known as fossil fuels

  21. Renewable Energy • Can be replaced in relativity short periods of time

  22. Renewable Energy • Hydroelectric • Energy from flowing water • Solar • Sunlight converted into useable energy

  23. Renewable Energy • Geothermal • Thermal energy beneath Earths surface • Others • Biomass Energy • Energy stored in living things • Hydrogen Fuel • Creates electricity by reacting hydrogen and oxygen

  24. Conserving Energy Resources • Reduce energy needs • Increase the efficiency of energy use

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