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History of Music Videos

History of Music Videos. Emma Sugarman. 1894. Edward B. Marks and Joe Stern hired an electrician called George Thomas alongside a selection of performers in order to promote their song, “ The Little Lost Child. ”

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History of Music Videos

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  1. History of Music Videos • Emma Sugarman

  2. 1894 • Edward B. Marks and Joe Stern hired an electrician called George Thomas alongside a selection of performers in order to promote their song, “The Little Lost Child.” • Using a ‘magic lantern,’ Thomas created a slideshow of still images that were projected on a screen whilst live performers played their music. • “Illustrated song.”

  3. 1902 - 1917 - The Phonoscene • Phonoscene - chronophone sound recording synchronized to a chronograph film. The two combined created a sound film. • Firstly, producers would record the sound. A filmed actor would then lip sync and the two components were then played together synchronously. • Creator - Léon Gaumont 1902 France. Presented - Buckingham Palace 1907. Last Presentation - 1917. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e-VVNO_l5bY

  4. 1926 - 1959 - Talkies, soundies and shorts • In 1926, ‘talkies’ were invented, much similar to the phonoscene. ‘Soundies’ were then created, which were around 3 minute long musical films. • Such clips were played on ‘visual jukeboxes’ often located in restaurants and bars that featured musicians playing as a band, dance sequences. • Produced - New York, Chicago + Hollywood 1940’s - 1950’s. • 1958 - Soundies were produced in colour film. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fq9oHhkkVV0

  5. 1960 - 1973 - Pop Bands • The Animals - House of the Rising Sun - 1964 - created a high quality colour film music video which the band lip synced to on a manmade set. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AgANuwSNsok • The Beatles - first feature film in 1964. In 1965 the band made their own promotion clips which they starred in themselves (10 black and white promo vids.) • The Beatles - Strawberry Fields Forever + Penny Lane - 1967 - colour film clips.

  6. 1974 - 1991 - MTV • Top of the Pops began playing music videos on TV in the later 1970s. • USA created MTV in 1998 - Video Killed the Radio Star was the first music video ever played - from then on music videos became popular across the nations. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8r-tXRLazs • 1983 - Michael Jackson’s Thriller was released. • 1985 - MTV released VH1 (Video Hits One) which featured more dated music in order to appeal to a wider target audience. • 1988 - Hip Hop hit the music scene when Yo! MTV Raps was created. • MTV began broadcasting 24/7 music television to the public.

  7. 1992 - 2004 - Worldwide Broadcasting • During this time MTV sought to widen its market to a global audience thus creating MTV Latin America in 1993 and MTV India in 1996. • In 1995, Michael and Janet Jackson splashed a whopping $7m on ‘Scream,’ which still holds the record for the world’s most expensive music video! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0P4A1K4lXDo

  8. Present Day • Many music videos nowadays are short films in a storyboard fashion with clips of the artist(s) as well. For example, Craig David’s Seven Days tells a complete story of how he relives certain days in order to rectify mistakes he makes when meeting a girl. It is an entire story. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ABuWphlnZ1A • With such a wide variety of musical genres nowadays, it can be expected that certain genres follow specific conventions in terms of music videos. For example, R&B and Pop music will usually feature sex and clubs whereas alternative genres are more commonly bands playing all together.

  9. References • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_video • http://www.slideshare.net/naamah/music-vids-history

  10. History of Ambient music videos. • History of Ambient/Downtempo/Worldbeat music videos. • There is not great load of information about the history of such genre’s music videos because a lot of the songs do not actually have music videos to accompany them. • This could be because the genre is somewhat sheltered and obscure so the demand for videos is low as such songs are not going to be broadcasted on the television. • However, in 2005, Boards of Canada released on iTunes their album The Campfire Headphase. The sixth track on the album is called Dayvan Cowboy that has a music video created in April 2006. • Video Summary: The video consists of footage from Joe Kittinger's famous parachute jump from 19.5 miles (31.4 km) altitude, and later slow-motion footage of big-wave surfer Laird Hamilton. The final scene of the music video showing a sunset or sunrise is from the film Crystal Voyager. The video was directed by Melissa Olson and has received nearly two million views on YouTube. (Wikipedia) • Boards of Canada also have a video to accompany the song, Everything You Do is a Balloon. The clip takes extracts from 1963 One Got Fat, a bicycle safety movie. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQEmaj9C6ko Boards of Canada, Everything You Do is a Balloon

  11. History of Genres • Ambient music aims to create a mood or atmosphere for listeners through synthesizers and ‘timbral qualities’. • Ambient music is commonly considered to originate from the 1970s, making it a fairly new genre of music compared to other musical styles. • Basil Kirchin and Brian Eno are regarded to be ambient music’s main founders due to the fact that they fused elements of environmental music with electronica. • However, in the early 20th century, two new art movements arose as a result of the periods before and after the First World War causing an increase in musical experimentation. Such experiments are said to have rejected conventional music forms. The art movements were called Futurism and Dadaism. • Erik Satie, an early 20th century French composer, created his own Dadaist-inspired music that he called ‘furniture music’ in which he designed to create a mood for activities such as eating dinner. His aim was to create a background sound. • Satie is considered the link between the early art movements and the work of Brian Eno. • In the 70s, Eno labelled the genre, ‘ambient’. He derived the term from Latin, “ambire” which means to “surround” as such a musical genre is created to alter an individual’s state of mind. However, ambient music is supposed to be “as ignorable as it is interesting.” • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B9kPIp4MtX0 < Brian Eno, Music for Airports

  12. Downtempo Music • Downtempo is an electronica style of music, similar to ambient but with an allowance for more complicated beats. It is often not as intense as house and trance music but holds similar qualities. • In the 1990s, downtempo music first originated in the relaxation rooms in clubs in Ibiza. In 1994, trip hop emerged in Bristol, a fusion of hip hop, ambient music and drum and bass all at a lower tempo.   • The end of the 1990s, the genre name ‘downtempo’ was created as a more melodic sound evolved that incorporated acoustic sounds with electronic sounds. • Artist examples: Boards of Canada, Aphex Twin • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RhHkUg-QCwk < Aphex Twin, Flim • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rg-iKP0zI9Q Boards of Canada, Aquarius

  13. Worldbeat Music • Worldbeat music first evolved in the mid 80s when mainstream artists began fusing world music influences into their songs. Originally, such world music that they used would be from Africa, Ireland, Asia, the Middle East and Latin America but nowadays influences are taken from all across the globe. • Worldbeat’s most successful and used influences: Celtic, Afrobeat, Mbaganga, gawwali, highlife, rai, raga, samba, flamenco and tango. • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mBAs2wTjEw8 < Enigma, Principles of Lust (Sadeness/Find Love/Sadeness)(Reprise) Medley • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tkg8Lk3nDXk Kaminanda, Conscious Droplets • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nRY5mxRRBCw Desert Dwellers, Crossing Beyond (Duke Mushroom Remix)

  14. History of Digipaks • A digipak is a ‘patented style of compact disc or DVD packaging.’ In music, it contains the CD itself,artist information, a track list, album art and sometimes a little book of the lyrics in the songs. • It is a registered trademark of AGI-Shorewood, an Atlas Holding LLC company.

  15. History • IMPAC Group Inc used to own the Digipak trademark however the company is now owned by MeadWestvaco (since 2000) and ‘folded into its AGI Media divison.’ • The digipak name and designs were then licensed to manufacturers around the world. • MWV sold AGI Media to Atlas Holding in 2010. • Then, in 2012, Atlas bought Shorewood Packaging from International Paper and proceeded to merge the two companies to create AGI-Sherwood. (convergence!)

  16. History of Posters • The first contemporary poster (or poster as we know it) dates back to 1870. This is the same time as the printing industry mastered colour lithography, thus enabling ‘mass production’. • John Barnicoat who is a poster expert says, “In little more than a hundred years, it has come to be recognized as a vital art form, attracting artists at every level, from painters like Toulouse-Lautrec and Mucha to theatrical and commercial designers.”

  17. History of Posters • Posters have ranged in styles: Art Nouveau, Symbolism, Cubism and Art Deco. There are also more formal posters: Bauhaus and also hippie posters of the 1960s. • Many famous posters date back to the war when war-time propaganda was happening and the government wanted to advertise the importance of everyone’s individual roles in the war effect. • Posters can be very influential and this is evident from the legacy they have left behind i.e. Dig for Victory, We Need YOU! Etc.

  18. History of Posters • Posters that just included text date back to when Shakespeare was around – even advertising his plays! • The revolution of posters, however, happened in 1796 as the technique of lithography was invented by the German Alois Senefelder. • Chromolithography was then invented. This allowed for posters to be illustrated with bright, vivid colours and also led to the production of the in great masses.

  19. History of Posters - Music • In terms of music advertisements, it was mainly rock music and concerts that flourished in the world of posters. • The posters were/are used to advertise the events and often even go on to become collectable items! • Teenagers across the globe use music artist posters to promote the fact that ‘this is their favorite band.’ They are often found in bedrooms, university dorm rooms and apartments.

  20. Present • Posters are used in all different sorts of ways. • Propaganda and political posters, movie posters, travel posters, event posters i.e. boxing, concert, band/music posters, pin-up posters (from the 1920s), affirmation posters, fan posters, educational posters and more.

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