Do chapter 16, section 3, Independence in Africa Outline Map (p.563)

1. Do chapter 16, section 3, Independence in Africa Outline Map (p.563) • Label all of the countries names = 25 pts. • Make a key = 10 pts. • Color map = 15 pts. *Total possible points = 50 points • This assignment is due today, May 14, Thursday, at the end of the period!

2. Watch World Geography videos = (1) Africa Overview, (2) Algeria, (3) Central & Southern Africa, (4) Ghana, (5) Nigeria, & (6) Kenya • 20-25 minutes

3. Play “Name that African country” from the blank outline map

6. Collect Africa Map at the end of the period!

7. Day 2

8. Section Write – Ch. 16, Sect.3 • After reading this quote: “We prefer self-government (independence) with danger (difficulty) to servitude (slavery) in tranquility (calmness).” • What do you think Nkrumah is saying about his people and country? • What would you choose: independence with danger (difficulty), or slavery in tranquility? • Please answer both questions in complete sentences.

9. African Nations Gain Independence Chapter 16, Section 3

10. CA Standards • 10.10.1 – Understand the challenges in the regions, including their geopolitical, cultural, military, and economic significance and the international relationships in which they are involved. • 10.10.2 – Describe the recent history of the regions, including political divisions and systems, key leaders, religious issues, natural features, resources, and population patterns. • 10.10.3 – Discuss the important trends in the regions today and whether they appear to serve the cause of individual freedom and democracy.

11. Purpose of the lesson/What you should be able to do • You will be able to identify and explain how African nations become independent from European control

12. Learning Styles

13. Over-Arching Question • What challenges did new African nations face?

14. Instruction • African nations gain independence; no real allegiance to country but to tribes or groups; leads to civil wars • Coup d’état • Many times was military take over

15. Move Toward Democracy • The Western governments required African nations to have democratic reforms as a condition for loans (Read p.561, Moving Toward Democracy)

16. The economies of many African nations after independence were often controlled by the colonial powers (Read p.562, 1st paragraph, Foreigners Jostle for Influence)

17. Africa After Independence

18. Cold War Issue • To counter the Soviet Union’s support of Ethiopia, the U.S. set-up an alliance with the government of Somalia (Read p.562, 2nd paragraph, Foreigners Jostle for Influence)

19. Chapter 16, section 3 – Five African Nations worksheet = Possible 30 points • We will do the first country together • This worksheet will be due at the end of the period on Monday!

20. Day 3

21. Ghana (British) • Leaders and Issues • Kwame Nkrumah (1st PM & pres.-for-life) • Had costly projects = Bad economy • Army and Police Seize Power • Jerry Rawlings Seizes Power

23. Jerry Rawlings

24. Algeria (French) • French Control • Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) • Fights guerilla tactics against the French – Sound familiar? • De Gaulle (Frances Prime Minister) • Gives independence to Algerians • Ahmed Ben Bella (A leader of FLN) • Becomes first prime minister and president – loses power • Islamic Salvation Front (FIS) • Fights against Algerian government; consistent conflicts between the two

25. Kenya (British) • Kenyan nationalist Jomo Kenyatta • Fought for peace • Becomes president and jails opponents • Dies in 1978 • Mau Mau • Help to force (frighten) British out of Kenya • Daniel arap Moi • Becomes president after Kenyatta’s death

26. In Kenya, the guerrilla warfare of the “Mau Mau” caused the British to arrest Jomo Kenyatta and kill thousands of Kikuyu (Kenyan farmers) in the 1950s (Read p. 564, 2nd paragraph, Kenya)

27. Captured Mau Mau Rebels Mau Mau was a secret society of Africans who wanted an end to British rule in Kenya. The movement became violent in 1952. Terrorist attacks killed more than 100 Europeans. More than 13,000 Africans lost their lives before the rebellion was crushed.

28. Congo (Belgium) • Patrice Lumumba (1st Prime Minister – supported by the Soviet Union) • Moise Tshombe • Colonel Joseph Mobutu (Mobutu Sese Seko – Supported by the U.S.) • Rules for 32 years • Laurent Kabila

29. In the late 1960s, the Ibo people of Biafra declared independence from Nigeria (Read p. 566, 2nd paragraph, Nigeria)

30. Africa Struggle for Independence Throughout History - Pictures

31. A Punch cartoon depicting King Leopold of Belgium's aggressive occupation of the Congo.

32. An American cartoon depicting Britain taking African territory (circa. 1900)

33. A Punch cartoon showing King Leopold of Belgium looking at the spoils of his African campaign.

34. A French cartoon of the period showing France as Little Red Riding Hood and Britain as the Big Bad Wolf.

35. Berlin Conference 1884-1885 Africa Map

36. Interactive Maps 1955-1975 • Publisher Material – Ch.18, Slide 20

37. Modern Africa

38. Africa Today

39. Watch hyperlink video on Sudan

40. Homework • Read chapter 16, section 3

41. Closure/Conclusion • What we have learned… • What challenges did new African nations face? • Creating national unity amid ethnic diversity; promoting democracy; combating dictatorship; achieving economic independence from colonial powers; and ending government corruption • Section Questions

42. Current African Issues • Poverty, corruption, aids, malaria, attacks and wars, drugs, terrorists, etc. • Rwanda (We will cover in next chapter - Genocide) • http://youtube.com/watch?v=0jztZbf8AQE&feature=related - Triangle of Death - Sudan • http://youtube.com/watch?v=rgZ1aal478s&feature=related - Oil Wars - Sudan

43. Collect! • Chapter 16, section 3 – Five African Nations worksheet = Possible 30 points • This worksheet will be due at the end of the period on Monday!