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Warm Up

Warm Up. Why was there a need for forced labor in colonial Virginia? Who were the first people used as forced laborers and why did they not work? What were indentured servants? Why did slaves eventually replace indentured servants in the 1670s?. New England. Puritans & Pilgrims.

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Warm Up

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  1. Warm Up • Why was there a need for forced labor in colonial Virginia? • Who were the first people used as forced laborers and why did they not work? • What were indentured servants? • Why did slaves eventually replace indentured servants in the 1670s?

  2. New England Puritans & Pilgrims

  3. Reasons People wanted to leave England • 1. Compete w/ Spain. • 2. domestic Problems • 3. Religious freedom

  4. The Reformation • Many people in Europe thought the Catholic Church was corrupt. • Selling of Indulgences. • Martin Luther • Protestants

  5. Reformation in England • In England, Henry VIII separates from Catholic Church because Pope won’t give him a divorce. • New Church is Church of England (Anglican Church). • King is the head (instead of the Pope). • Church practices do no change though.

  6. Puritans • Some people in England want more change to the Church of England. • These people are called Puritans. • They want to “Purify” the Church of England. • Some, however, think the Church of England is too corrupt to fix. These radicals are called separatists (Pilgrims).

  7. Review • What was the name of the official church in England? • A = church of England (A.K.A. Anglican Church). • Who were the Puritans and what did they want? • A =People in England who wanted to fix (or “purify”) the church of England. • What is the difference between Pilgrims and Puritans?

  8. Calvinism • Based on ideas of Swiss theologian John Calvin. • Predestination—God decides who is going to heaven at the beginning of time. • Good Deeds (or works) can’t change this. • Works vs. Grace • These are the beliefs of the English Puritans.

  9. Lack of Religious Tolerance in England • King does not like Puritans. • Thinks they are troublemakers. • They get hassled so many want to leave England.

  10. Pilgrims • Radical separatists who first go to Holland. • Kids begin to speak and act Dutch. • Go to North America. • Settle in Plymouth (1620) In what is today Massachusetts.

  11. The Mayflower

  12. Mayflower Compact • Agreement signed on the Mayflower. • Pilgrims agreed to form a govt. and live by the rules. • Considered 1st written Constitution in N. America

  13. Squanto • Indian who had been kidnapped and learned English. • Middle-man with local Indians who came to the aide of struggling colonists. • Good relations with Natives (at 1st). = Thanksgiving.

  14. Thanksgiving

  15. Puritans (The Great Migration) • Massachusetts Bay Co. • 1st settlement =Boston (1630) 17-ships 1,000 people • John Winthrop • “City on a Hill” (Covenant Theology)

  16. Warm Up • What was the difference between Pilgrims and Puritans? • Why did the Reformation in England cause so many problems? Which groups of people were not happy wit hit and why? • Explain the main tenets of Calvinism • What were the messages of Winthrop’s “City on a Hill” speech?

  17. Stop for Primary Sources

  18. Puritan Life • Came in groups of families • Formed Towns • Everybody had to attend church, but only people that could claim to have had a conversion experience were considered church members. • Strict Rules (regulated behavior)—no card playing, music, dancing. Only plain clothes

  19. Puritan Town

  20. Puritans

  21. Theocracy—No separation between church and state. • Only male church members could vote or hold office. • Kicked out those that questioned anything. • Hypocrites?

  22. Discuss • What did it take to be a church member? • Do you think it was hypocritical for Puritans to not allow critics or dissenters since that is what they were in England?

  23. Dissenters • When people were kicked out of Massachusetts, they often left in groups and formed new colonies. • Thomas Hooker = Connecticut • Roger Williams—Rhode Island • “Purest of the Puritans”

  24. Anne Hutchinson • Uppity Woman • Critical of leaders. • “Works v. Grace” • Banished.

  25. Indian Wars • Conflict over land • 1637—Pequot War • 1675—King Philip’s War

  26. New England Economy • Diverse—shipping, lumber, fishing

  27. Witchcraft • 1680s-1690s • Salem, Mass. • Most of those accused are single, middle-aged women. • Threaten patriarchal social norms.

  28. Final Points • Majority of people who settled in New England were Puritans. • Write a paragraph about why the Puritans settled in Massachusetts, the nature of their settlements, and how and why other colonies--such as Connecticut and Rhode Island--were formed in New England.

  29. Review • What was the name of the 1st colony established by the Puritans? • A = Massachusetts • What is

  30. Anne Hutchinson

  31. Life in New England (CP) • Towns • Town Meetings • After 4 Generations people must move.

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