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The Failure of Appeasement and Beginning of World War II

Explore the failure of appeasement as a policy leading to the outbreak of World War II. Delve into the actions of aggressors like Hitler, Mussolini, and the Japanese militarists and the major powers' inaction. Understand the significance of events such as the Spanish Civil War, Nazi Germany's military buildup, the Munich Conference, and the Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact in shaping the war. Witness the horrors of total war and how the legacy of fascism continued long after the conflict. Learn about Japan's unchecked expansion and the pivotal moment when WWII began with Hitler's invasion of Poland.

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The Failure of Appeasement and Beginning of World War II

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  1. The Failure of Appeasement and Beginning of World War II

  2. APPEASEMENT Definition: The attempt to pacify someone by giving in to their demands or allowing them to take action without challenging them. Have you ever been tempted to appease an aggressive person or group of people? Why are people tempted to appease?

  3. Big Picture Questions: What actions do Hitler, Mussolini and the Japanese Nationalists take to threaten peace? Why do the major powers stand by as Hitler, Mussolini and the Japanese Militarists take over other countries? How does the Spanish Civil War involve all the dictators and how is it the “prequel” to WWII

  4. Fascist Italy Invades Ethiopia in 1935 League of Nations condemns attack, but fails to assist Ethiopia “God and history will remember your judgment…..it is us today. It will be you tomorrow” Haile Selassie - Leader of Ethiopia - 1936 Why does the League of Nations fail to assist Ethiopia?

  5. Nazi Germany ignore stipulations of Versailles Treaty and Begins military buildup after Hitler takes power in 1933 Nazi militarism criticized, but not stopped when Germany expands with out any resistance: Rhineland (’36) Austria (’37) Sudetenland (part of Czechoslovakia) (’38) Discuss: WHY is Germany unchallenged???

  6. Munich Conference (September 1938) Meeting between Britain, France, Italy & Germany with the goal of preserving peace Britain & France allow Germany to keep territories they have taken in exchange for promises of no more expansion. Discuss: Why is Munich Pact another example of Appeasement?? Definition: The policy of granting concessions to potential enemies to maintain peace British PM Neville Chamberlain says after agreement: “I believe it is peace for our time” British PM after Chamberlin Winston Churhill say of Munich Pact: We are in the presence of a disaster of the first magnitude …we have sustained defeat without war….this is only the first sip….the foretaste of a bitter cup…. Unless we arise again and take our stand for freedom…

  7. Spanish Civil War Francisco Franco – another extreme Nationalist promotes a return to the “greatness of the Spanish Empire” and a return to the traditional hierarchy of the church. Supported by wealthy and those afraid of communism. Franco is assisted by Hitler and Mussolini The struggling Spanish Republic is assisted only by Stalin’s USSR Example of “Total War” (war on civilians) that will characterize WWII - International brigades

  8. Picasso’s Guernica The real Guernica

  9. Alvah Bessie – Member of International Brigades Legacy of Fascism: Franco ruled Spain until 1975 Bullets and caves where International Brigades hid are still all around

  10. Hitler & Stalin’s Secret Deal Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact (August 1939) • A 10-year agreement between communist Russia & fascist Germany not to attack each other…pact actually lasts only 2 years • Stalin & Hitler secretly agree to divide Poland, Finland, Lithuania, Latvia & Estonia Discuss: Why does “appeasement” encourage this agreement between Stalin & Hitler??

  11. Japanese Expansion • 1910 – Takes over Korea • 1931- Invades Manchuria • 1933- Withdraws from League of Nations • 1937- Invades China & kills/rapes tens of thousands of civilians • During this period, other nations criticize Japan, but none with military strength steps in to stop growing Japanese domination of East Asia & the Pacific • Discuss: WHY is Japan unchallenged?? Militarist Leader Tojo Emperor Hirohito

  12. WWII BEGINS: In Sept, 1939 Nazi Germany launches mechanized attack on Poland and then 6 months later on Francecalled “Blitzkrieg” triggering WWIIhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eu78iaVsBEE (37-47) How and why does Hitler invade Poland? Why does it trigger WWII?

  13. Britain and France declare war on Germany • Britain delivers an ultimatum to Germany. -Britain and France declare war but do nothing to help the Poles or fight Hitler. This is called the “phony war” where England and France watch and wait - Stalin invades Poland from the east.

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