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Industrialism Begins

Industrialism Begins. Agricultural Revolution. Shift away from small farms and old farming techniques to big farms and more modern techniques 1701-Seed drill (instead of scattering seeds) Crop rotation Different crops in a field each year (need to replace nutrients Breeding

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Industrialism Begins

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  1. Industrialism Begins

  2. Agricultural Revolution • Shift away from small farms and old farming techniques to big farms and more modern techniques • 1701-Seed drill (instead of scattering seeds) • Crop rotation • Different crops in a field each year (need to replace nutrients • Breeding • Only breed best cattle/sheep

  3. Industrial Revolution • Increased output of machine-made goods that began in England • Aka-shift from making things by hand to making a lot by machine

  4. Industrialization starts in England • Industrialization • Process of developing machine production of goods • Why England? • Water power and coal to power new machines • Iron ore to construct machines, tools, buildings • Rivers for transportation • Harbors for trade • Good banking system • Good economy • Land, labor and capital (factors of production)

  5. Inventions • Make more money if you can speed up spinning and weaving • John Kay-made shuttle sped back and forth on wheels • James Hargreaves-Spinning Jenny worked eight threads at a time • Richard Arkwright-water frame, used steam to power machines

  6. Inventions • Eli Whitney (US) • Cotton gin-speeds up the amount of cotton that can be cleaned (1810) • Samuel Crompton • combines jenny and water frame = spinning mule (stronger & finer thread) • Edmund Cartwright • power loom speeds up weaving (1787)

  7. Transportation • Steam Engine • James Watt from Scotland makes a efficient steam engine. He joins with Matthew Boulton to build better steam engines. • Steam engines can power boats! • Means faster transportation of people and goods!

  8. Transportation • John McAdam • Scottish, works to make roads that are covered with a smooth layer of crushed rock (HELLO-MODERNIZATION!) • No sinking in the mud! • New roads called turnpikes • Have to pay tolls ($$) at a turnpike to travel on that road.

  9. Railways • Steam-Driven Locomotives • 1804, Richard Trevithick wins money because of his steam-driven train (wins bet) • Steam engines need coal to heat up H2O for energy to move the train

  10. Railways • Liverpool-Manchester Railroad • Finished in 1829 • Tran, the Rocket, hauled 13 ton load at 24mph (pretty fast for back then!) • Officially opened in 1830 to the public • It’s a hit!

  11. Railways-What do they do? • Provides cheap transportation • Creates new jobs • Boosts agricultural and fishing industries • Then can transport goods faster so they’re fresher! • Commuting to work! • Can live farther from your workplace…

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