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TP-CASTT. P rocess to organize an explication of poetry Explication : an interpretive process; a line-by-line analysis of poem in order to make clear its meaning. Create your own sheet for analysis . T is for TITLE Analyze the title first. What do you predict this poem will be about?
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TP-CASTT Process to organize an explication of poetry Explication: an interpretive process; a line-by-line analysis of poem in order to make clear its meaning
T is for TITLE • Analyze the title first. • What do you predict this poem will be about? • Write down your predictions. • What feelings can you connect to the poem’s title? • The next step is often omitted, but it is the most important!
C IS FOR CONNOTATION apostrophe ASSONANCE • Analyze all figures of speech and sound effects of poem. • i.e. The poetry vocabulary • These elements add to the meaning. alliteration RHYME personification simile meter ____________ metaphor HYPERBOLE diction
A is for ATTITUDE Tone is the attitude of the speaker toward the subject of the poem.
Tone = writer’s opinion/perspective • Language/word choices writer uses reveals tone • Positive or negative • Declaration of tone must be supported by descriptive words/phrases Click here to see words used to describe tone.
S IS FOR SHIFT • If there is a change in… • Time • Tone • Speaker • This should always be noted as this will also affect the meaning.
Places to find shifts… Key words (but, however, although, yet) Punctuation Stanza division Changes in stanza/line length or both Irony (sometimes irony hides shifts) Effect of structure on meaning Changes in sound (rhyme) may indicate changes in meaning. Changes in diction (slang->formal lang.)
T IS FOR TITLE- AGAIN • At this time, you should reconsider the title. • Were you right in your predictions? • What other meanings might the title have in light of your analysis? • Next, the biggie….
T is for THEME • As you already know, theme is the general insight into life conveyed by the author through his/her work. • It does not make a judgment. • example: “Don’t do drugs” is not a theme. • It merely states something that is generally true of life and the human condition.
Common Themes • Estimate: no more than 30 main themes explored in literature MOST COMMON • Loss of innocence • Love (good, bad, ugly) • Fate (capriciousness) • Revenge • Celebration of beauty • Nature (celebration, dangers, seasons) • Death
How do I find the THEME? • Look at the other parts of TPCASTT. • What insight are all of these working together to convey? • What is the poet trying to say about life?
Composed Upon Westminster Bridge September 3, 1802 Earth has not anything to show more fair:Dull would he be of soul who could pass byA sight so touching in its majesty:This City now doth, like a garment, wearThe beauty of the morning; silent, bare,Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples lieOpen unto the fields, and to the sky;All bright and glittering in the smokeless air.Never did sun more beautifully steepIn his first splendour, valley, rock, or hill;Ne'er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep!The river glideth at his own sweet will:Dear God! the very houses seem asleep;And all that mighty heart is lying still! - William Wordsworth