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E m b r yo l o g y

E m b r yo l o g y. Embryology: - study of the development of an embryo. Fertilization: male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote. Fertilization usually occurs in the funnel shaped end of a Fallopian Tube A sperm must penetrate the egg ZYGOTE

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E m b r yo l o g y

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  1. Embryology

  2. Embryology:-study of the development of an embryo

  3. Fertilization:male and female gametes fuse to form a zygote • Fertilizationusually occurs in the funnel shaped end of aFallopian Tube • A sperm must penetrate the egg • ZYGOTE • Tiny cilia line the tube to propel the fertilized egg toward the uterus

  4. Cleavage(Process by which a zygote divides by mitosisto form 2 new cells) • Cell # doubles with each division • each cell smaller than zygote • 2 cell stage • 4 cell stage

  5. PROTOSTOMES Spiral Cleavage: when cells divide they do not sit on top of each other, they spiral Clams, worms, insects DEUTEROSTOMES Radial Cleavage: Results in 8 cells sitting directly on top of each other Starfish and vertebrates 8 Cell Stage

  6. MORULA: • A zygote consisting of about 12-32 cells in a solidball • Reaches theuterus in about 3-4 days after fertilization

  7. BLASTULA formation BLASTULA • a hollow ball of cells that forms 5-8 days after fertilization • Cells start to compact and move to the edge, leaving a fluid-filled space in the center- BLASTOCOEL • Blastula will attach to the lining of the uterus

  8. Gastrulation • Gastrula: structure made up of 2 layers of cells with an opening at one end • Cells that are folding inward form a cavity lined with a 2nd layer of cells - Blastospore • In deuterostomes the blastospore will eventually develop into the anus • Gastrulation - sorts all the cells into distinct cell layers (ectoderm, endoderm, and mesoderm)

  9. ECTODERM • Layer on the outer surface of the gastrula is called theECTODERM • SKIN and NERVOUS tissue

  10. ENDODERM • Layer on the INNER SURFACE of the gastrula is called the ENDODERM • ENDODERM:lining of the digestive tract and organs associated with digestion

  11. MESODERM • Mesoderm is the 3rd cell layer found in the developing embryo between the ECTO and ENDODERM (“meso” means middle) • MESODERM: muscle cells, circulatory, and excretory cells, bone cells and respiratory system

  12. Embryology Egg Sperm Ovary Uterus Fallopian Tube Zygote Fertilization Cilia Flagella 2 cell stage 4 cell stage 8 cell stage Protostome Deuterostome Spiral Cleavage Radial Cleavage Morula Blastula Blastocoel Gastrula Blastospore Endoderm Ectoderm Mesoderm Terms to Know!

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