Genetics Revie w

1. Genetics Review

2. Define each term below: • Genetics • Gene • Trait • Allele • Dominant • Recessive • Pure-breeding • Hybrid • Carrier • Homozygous • Heterozygous • Phenotype • Genotype • Probability • Monohybrid • Dihybrid • Pedigree • Incomplete dominance • Codominance • Multiple Alleles • Polygenic inheritance

3. In Humans, Six fingers is dominant to five fingers Cross an individual who is homozygous dominant with one who is heterozygous (hybrid) for the trait. Give the phenotype and genotype ratios for the cross Parent Cross: _____ X ______ Key: _____ = Six Fingers _____ = Five Fingers Phenotype Ratio: _______ : _______ Gentotype Ratio: _______ : _______ : _______

4. In Humans, Six fingers is dominant to five fingers Cross two individuals who are hybrids for the trait. Give the phenotype and genotype ratios for the cross Parent Cross: _______ X _______ Key: _____ = Six Fingers _____ = Five Fingers Phenotype Ratio: _______ : _______ Gentotype Ratio: _______ : _______ : _______

5. In humans, being a dwarf is dominant to normal stature Cross an individual who is of normal stature with one who is heterozygous (hybrid) for being a dwarf. Give the phenotype and genotype ratios for the cross Parent Cross: ________ X _________ Key: _____ = Six Fingers _____ = Five Fingers Phenotype Ratio: _______ : _______ Gentotype Ratio: _______ : _______ : _______

6. In humans, near sightedness and an astigmatism is dominant to normal vision & shaped lenses Cross an individual who is pure for nearsightedness and has normal shaped lenses with one who is homozgyous recessive for both traits Parent Cross: ______________ X _______________ Key: _____ = Nearsighted _____ = Astigmatism _____ = Normal vision _____ = Normal shaped lenses Phenotype ratio: ____ = Nearsighted & Astigmatism ____ = Nearsighted & normal shaped lenses ____ = Normal vision & Astigmatism ____ = Normal vision & normal shaped lenses

7. In humans, near sightedness and an astigmatism is dominant to normal vision & shaped lenses Cross two dihybrids for the traits Parent Cross: ______________ X _______________ Key: _____ = Nearsighted _____ = Astigmatism _____ = Normal vision _____ = Normal shaped lenses Phenotype ratio: ____ = Nearsighted & Astigmatism ____ = Nearsighted & normal shaped lenses ____ = Normal vision & Astigmatism ____ = Normal vision & normal shaped lenses

8. In carnations, the allele for red pedal color is incompletely dominant to the allele for white pedal color Cross two carnation plants that are hybrid for pedal color. Give the phenotype and genotype ratios for the cross Parent Cross: ________ X _________ Key: _____ = Red Pedals _____ = White Pedals Red Pink White Phenotype Ratio: _______ : _______ : _______ Gentotype Ratio: _______ : _______ : _______

9. In humans, the allele for having normal RBC is codominant to the one for having Sickle shaped RBC. Cross a person who is a carrier for Sickle Cell Anemia mates with one who does not have the trait. Parent Cross: ________ X _________ Key: _____ = Normal RBC _____ = Sickled RBC • What is the likelihood of them having a normal child? • What is the likelihood of them having a child with the trait?

10. In humans, the producing cones to see certain colors is dominant to not producing the cones. The gene for normal color vision is located on the X chromosome The mother is a carrier of the trait (hybrid) and the father has normal color vision. Parent Cross: ________ X _________ Key: _____ = Normal color vision _____ = Colorblind • What is the likelihood of them having a normal son? • What is the likelihood of them having a daughter who is colorblind?

11. Following traits through generationsaka: Pedigree charts In animals, albinism is recessive to producing pigments ____ = Normal pigmentation ____ = Albino Determine the genotype of each of the people in this pedigree