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PIG RAISING

PIG RAISING. A Healthy Environment. Shade because pig have no sweat gland in their skin Generally Temp for adult is 10 – 27 C Generally Temp baby pig is 27 – 32 C. Environmental. Pig allow to run lose Fencing Tethering / animal tied to control Building Combination of above

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PIG RAISING

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  1. PIG RAISING

  2. A Healthy Environment • Shade because pig have no sweat gland in their skin • Generally Temp for adult is 10 – 27 C • Generally Temp baby pig is 27 – 32 C

  3. Environmental • Pig allow to run lose • Fencing • Tethering / animal tied to control • Building • Combination of above • Feeders and Waterers • Farrowing house

  4. Nutrition- pig are single stomach; able to eat meat and plant • Carbohydrate and fat- corn,rice brand, yam, potatoes casava banana (70 80 %) pig diet for energy • Protein- fish meal, oil seed – provide growth • Mineral(salt) Calcium, phosphorous for bone and tissue growth • Vitamins – growth, reproduce and body function • Water – fresh, good health

  5. Food preparation • Grinding • Soaking • Cooking • Chopping (vegetable-fruit) • Fermenting Normally, Carbohydrate 70 % Protein 30%

  6. Percentage Protein need • Sows and adult 16 % • Baby 0- 15 kg 20% • Baby 15 – 30 kg 18% • Young 30 – 60 16%

  7. Select Young Female • Best milking mother • Larger litter • Larger faster growing • No obvious defect (hernias, health problem • Minimum well 12 teats • Desire body type (least fat more meat) • Purchase from trusted farm

  8. Selected young male • Male muscle appearance • Free from hernias and health and disease problems • Well formed testicles • From large litter • Fast growing • Not related to your female • Preferably cross breed

  9. Reproduction • Heat (estrus) 1-3 day period, second day is best fertilizing • Heat (estrus) cycle 19 – 21 days Breeding • Natural • Artificial Length of pregnancy is 114 days

  10. Sign of approaching Farrowing time • 2-3 weeks breast enlarged • 5-7 days farrowing – valva enlarged • 24 – 48 hours milk appear in teats • 12 -24 hours very nervous, restless and carry dry leaf to make bed, may need inject Oxytocine to help make delivery easier

  11. Helping new born • Remove from membranes • Wipe mucus from month and nose • Clip navel cord 1-2 inches, dip in iodine, if bleeding, tie navel cord with cotton string • Clip tail (1-2 inches) • If weather is cool put in box with light bulb • Must nurse as soon as possible (maximum 12 hours) • Iron injection • Cut teeth

  12. Castrating • Male baby should be castrated around 2-4 week of age (while nursing) • To prevent odor in meat • To prevent the nuisance of the boars not needed for breeding • Some think castrated males grow faster

  13. Weaning • In natural state, sows wean their babies when they are around 8 – 10 weeks old • In modern operations pigs are weaned early at 3-5 weeks

  14. Basic sanitation • Location: High with drainage • Rotate • Food and water • Building E-W • Germ killing – lye-0.45 per water 10 gallons , chorine • Vaccinate • Treat parasites

  15. Common disease • Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) • Diarrhea • Pneumonia • Anemia • Skin infection

  16. Injection • Subcutaneous (SQ) • Intramuscular (IM) • SQ; • Baby 18 or 20 : 5/8” or ½” • Young 16 or 18 : 5/8” or 1/4” • Adult 14 or 16 : 1” or 1/2” • IM; • Baby 18 or 20 ½” • Young 16 or 3/4” • Adult 14 or 16 : 1”

  17. Natural Farming - Pigs Partners Relief and Development www.partnersworld.org

  18. Purpose and Process To transform farmer from laborer to manager To utilize agricultural waste To make natural fertilizer To make high protein feed To sell value added products

  19. Natural Pig Farming Cycle Piglets Fertilizer Feed Sell value added product Market weight pigs

  20. Pig Pen Bedding Dig pen floor 90 cm deep Add bedding in 2 layers Mix bedding material with soil from pen - Rice hulls, sawdust, etc.

  21. Charcoal 10% Cow manure 10 % Salt 1 - 2 Kg

  22. Add 1 - 2 bags white leaf mold concentrate Mix FFJ / FPJ in water (2T per 10L) - Spray on bedding

  23. Fill second layer to top Use same bedding mixture as first layer Cover with a thin layer of rice hulls or other material

  24. Home made products used in Natural Pig Farming 1. FPJ 2. FFJ 3. FAA 4. Calcium

  25. 5. White leaf mold 6. Salt 7. Pig gum

  26. 9. Traditional remedies / herbs Control worms with herbal medicine: egg plant Diarrhea: guava leaves, mangosteen peels, persimmon leaves, green bananas Prevent disease with herbs

  27. Pig Drinking Water FFJ / FPJ 2T Herb Hormone Mix in 10L water. Free choice all day. Clean water tank every day. Inspect drink valve for water flow. Install 1 drink valve per 5 pigs.

  28. Pig Feed 1. Fresh plant material for pig feed 100 Kg + Sugar 4 Kg + Rock salt 1 Kg. Pickle in bucket 3 days. 2. Commercial food 30 kg 3. Soybean cake 1 Kg per meal 1 + 2 = Pickled plant material 70 Kg + commercial feed 30 Kg. Total 100 Kg. cost= 5 THB/Kg

  29. Feed twice a day (2-5 kilograms). Feed fresh grass / green vegetables every day, up to 1 Kg / pig.

  30. Capital investment per pig Market weight 100 Kg (4-5 months) Feed cost per pig for 5 months = 1500 Average cost per piglet = 1000 THB Total cost per pig = 2500 THB

  31. Care of natural farming pigs 1. Dig & mix the bedding every week. - Add bedding material as needed. 2. Spray bedding with fermented juice minimum once a week 3. Feed pigs with “pig gum” to chew relaxing

  32. 4. Add charcoal and salt to increase mineral 5. Give fresh grass & green vegetables. - (1 Kg / pig)

  33. 6. When pigs are 3 months old, begin removing soiled bedding to make natural fertilizer. Replace with new bedding mixture. You can do this once a week. 7. Clean up inside and around the pig pen to keep things tidy.

  34. Partners Relief and Development www.partnersworld.org

  35. Thank you

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