Science HS STAAR Review for biology

1. Science HS STAAR Review for biology

2. Reporting category #5- Interdependence within Environmental systems

3. SE 11- biological systems work to achieve & maintain balance

4. How organisms respond to external factors Abiotic factors= non-living Biotic factors= living

5. How populations respond to external factors Animation link

6. How communities respond to external factors

7. Sample question: Question #1: Besides temperature, what other abiotic factor greatly affects the amount of dissolved oxygen in a body of water? A. growth rate of populations B. size of soil particles C. length of light period D. number of fish species Question #2: Why is it important for organisms to respond to external environmental factors? A. to maintain homeostasis B. to increase tolerance of environmental extremes C. to adapt to their environment D. to accelerate the process of natural selection

8. Microorganisms maintain health

9. Microorganisms disrupt health Fungi Bacteria

10. Microorganisms maintain & disrupt ecosystems Plankton- ocean food chain Algal bloom

11. Microorganisms maintain & disrupt ecosystems Remember- viruses are not living!

12. Sample question: Question #1: Bacteria decompose dead matter by: A. carrying out photosynthesis. B. going through binary fission. C. using plant & animal material as food. D. reproducing rapidly. Question #2: How can viruses be treated medically to reduce their numbers & prevent them from spreading? A. Use antibiotics to kill them & use vaccines to prevent them from spreading. B. Use vaccines to kill them & use antibiotics to prevent them from spreading. C. Prevent them from spreading using vaccines, but do not treat them with antibiotics. D. Prevent them from spreading using antibiotics, but do not treat them with vaccines.

13. Primary succession

14. secondary succession

15. Sample question: Question #1: A volcanic eruption devastates an area directly southeast of a volcano. Which of the following organisms would be the first to grow in this area? A. a shrubby bush B. a hardwood tree C. a climbing vine D. a lichen Question #2: What term refers to the final stage of a forest’s development? A. pioneer species B. secondary forest C. climax community D. conifer forest

16. SE 12- interdependence & interactions occur within an environmental system

17. Competition for biotic & abiotic factors

18. predation

19. Video link Parasitism + / -

20. Video link Commensalism + / Neutral

21. Videolink Mutualism + / +

22. Sample question: Question #1: When two organisms in a mutualistic relationship are physically separated, which of the following will most likely occur? A. both organisms will become parasites B. one organism will consume the other organism C. one organism will benefit, but the other will die D. both organisms’ chances of survival will be reduced

23. Sample question: Question #2: The roots of a mistletoe plant absorb nutrients from living oak trees causing some damage to the tissues of the trees. This is an example of: A. mutualism. B. commensalism. C. parasitism. D. saprophytism.

24. Organisms adapt to their ecosystem Arctic fox- winter & summer Sugar glider- jungle Star-nosed mole- underground Fennec fox- desert Mountain goat

25. Variation / adaptation within a species that enhances survival Polar bear Cactus Giant water lily Mushroom

26. Sample question: Question #1: Why are there more plant & animal species in tropical rainforests than in deserts? A. because there is more available water in tropical rainforests B. because there is too much sand in deserts C. because there is more carbon dioxide in desert atmospheres D. because there is more sunlight in tropical rainforests Question #2: A lichen results from an interaction between two organisms, a fungus & an alga. The alga supplies food, while the fungus traps water & keeps the alga moist. This is an example of which of the following? A. commensalism B. mutualism C. parasitism D. predation

27. AUTOTROPHIC= self + nourishing Makes own food!

28. PRODUCER PHOTOSYNTHESIS

29. HETEROTROPH= different or other + nourishing Does not make its own food!

30. consumer

31. Food chain

32. Food chain Indicates the Direction energy flows

33. Food web

34. Trophic level

35. Trophic level 10%

36. Trophic level 10% Rule HEAT 90%

37. Sample question: Question #1: If an ecosystem contains 100 units of energy at the producer trophic level, then it will most likely contain about how many units of energy at the secondary consumer level? A. 1 B. 10 C. 100 D. 1,000

38. Sample question: Question #2: Study the above illustration of a food web. What would happen if coyotes were removed from the ecosystem? A. The population of hawks & snakes would decrease. B. The population of grasses & shrubs would greatly increase. C. The rabbit & rat population would greatly decrease. D. The rabbit & rat population would increase.

39. Species survival & limited resources Cheetah vs. gazelle Nile crocodile vs. wildebeest Humpback whales bubble-net feed on herring Great white shark vs. seal

40. Sample question: Question #1: The desert tortoise feeds on prickly pear cactus & other desert plants. Which of these best describes the desert tortoise in this desert community food web? A. the desert tortoise is a herbivore B. the desert tortoise is a producer C. the desert tortoise is a predator D. the desert tortoise is a carnivore

41. Cycling of matter in an ecosystem Carbon Nitrogen Video link

42. Sample question: Question #1: Some marine organisms participate in the carbon cycle by using dissolved carbon dioxide in photosynthesis. This process is accompanied by which energy change? A. solar energy being destroyed B. solar energy being transformed into matter C. solar energy being split into its component parts D. solar energy being transformed into chemical energy

43. Sample question: Question #2: All of the organisms in a typical ecosystem are interdependent, helping to maintain the equilibrium of the ecosystem & sustaining each other. Which of the following processes can bacteria perform that is not possible for the other members of a typical ecosystem? A. converting radiant energy into chemical energy B. conserving water C. using nitrogen from the atmosphere D. decomposing the remains of dead organisms

44. Video link Environmental change can impact ecosystem stability

45. Video link Sample question: Question #1: A person living near this pond wants to reduce the mosquito population. The mosquito population in this ecosystem could be reduced by: A. planting more duckweed. B. catching more minnows. C. removing some martin houses. D. adding more shelter for frogs.