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The Arab spring

The Arab spring. Causes & Effects. Dr. Akram Khater North Carolina State University June 2012. What is It?. A new generation seeking a better life, freedom and justice. Where is It?. Why We Missed It?. Popular Culture and Arabs. Why We Missed It? – Part 2.

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The Arab spring

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  1. The Arab spring Causes & Effects Dr. Akram Khater North Carolina State University June 2012

  2. What is It? • A new generation seeking a better life, freedom and justice

  3. Where is It?

  4. Why We Missed It? • Popular Culture and Arabs

  5. Why We Missed It? – Part 2 • US Foreign Policy: Between Radical Islamists and Brutal Allies

  6. Causes of the Uprisings • Demographics • Failure and de-legitimization of the State • Globalization

  7. Demographics • Youth in the Middle East and North Africa make up, on average, 50% of the population

  8. Educational Crisis • Overcrowded Classrooms • Underfunded Schools • Underpaid Teachers

  9. Unemployment UN World Population Horizons: 2004 Census

  10. “Hayt-iste,” or the Unemployed • Poverty and Social Malaise • Absence of Government Institutions • Lack of Infrastructure • Lack of Social Services and Green Spaces • Imagined as dysfunctional

  11. Political Repression

  12. Conflicting Choices • Islamist Current • Neo-Liberalism • The Facebook Generation

  13. Islamists: From moderate to militant

  14. Neo-Liberalism

  15. The Facebook Generation: Between Islamists and Elites

  16. Globalization • A literate youth population

  17. Globalization • A connected youth population • Between 2000 and 2009 internet user growth was 5863.9%

  18. Globalization • Twitter, facebook are tools; human rights and democracy are their ideals

  19. NGO and Civil Society

  20. Immediate Future • Rise of Islamists ruling elites • Secular Parties will gain strength as Islamists prove incapable of governance • Diverse attitude toward Shari’a • Attitudes toward women’s rights

  21. Implications for US Policy • Beyond the binaries of Good and Bad Arab • New Rules of Engagement - limits of military power • Rapprochement of Rhetoric and Action • Palestine/Israel • Democracy and “Allies” • Beyond Oil

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