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Use the train track method to work the following problems:

Use the train track method to work the following problems:. 1. How many eggs are in 17.5 dozens? 2. How many cases would 200 cokes occupy? (1 case = 24 cokes). ONLY WRITE DOWN UNDERLINED WORDS IN YOUR NOTES. Words that represent numbers. Pair = 2 Couple = 2 Dozen = 12 Baker’s dozen = 13

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Use the train track method to work the following problems:

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  1. Use the train track method to work the following problems: 1. How many eggs are in 17.5 dozens? 2. How many cases would 200 cokes occupy? (1 case = 24 cokes)

  2. ONLY WRITE DOWN UNDERLINED WORDS IN YOUR NOTES

  3. Words that represent numbers • Pair = 2 • Couple = 2 • Dozen = 12 • Baker’s dozen = 13 • Gross = 144

  4. Professions that have units • Baker – 1 dozen = 12 items • Paper manufacturer – 1 ream = 500 sheets • Farmer – 1 gross = 144 items • Coca Cola distributor – 1 case = 24 items

  5. The Chemist’s unit… 1 Mole (symbolized mol)= 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 or6.02 X 1023 particlesor 6.02 E 23aka: avogadro’s number

  6. It’s a big number… One mole of marbles would cover the entire Earth (oceans included) for a depth of three miles. One mole of basketballs would fill a bag the size of the earth. One mole of pennies would cover the earth to a depth of 400 meters.

  7. A mole of coke cans is enough to cover the surface of the earth to a depth of over 200 miles! If you connected paper clips at 1 million paper clips per second, it would take you 190 million centuries to finish stringing one mole of paper clips together! It’s a big number… Your paper clip chain of 1 mole of clips could circle the earth 400 trillion times! What would happen if a mole of H2O molecules rushed into this room right now? Could you swim in them?

  8. 1 mole of water is 18 mL of water…it’s hardly a puddle

  9. Because particles are so small, moles are a very convenient unit to use in chemistry

  10. Lets talk ‘particles’ • Atom – anything on the periodic table • Ion – anything that is charged • Molecule – name for a covalent compound • Formula Unit – name for an ionic compound

  11. What type of particle am I? • CH4 • Copper(II) sulfate • H2 • Au • Au+ • nitrite • Molecule • Formula unit • Molecule • Atom • Ion • ion

  12. Is the mass of a mole For elements, one mole equals the atomic mass in grams 1 mole C atoms = 12.011 grams 1 mole Cu atoms = ? 1 mole of H2O molecules = ? Molar Mass • a.k.a • Molecular mass (MM) • Molecular weight (MW) • Formula mass (FM) • Formula weight (FW) • Gram formula mass (GFM) !!!!

  13. Let’s break it down 1 mol of H = 1 g How many do we have? 2 mol of H = 2 X 1 g = 2 g 1 mol of O = 16 g Add ‘em up: Molar mass of water = 2 g + 16 g = 18 g H2O

  14. Back to formulas… Na2SO4

  15. Name it!!! Sodium sulfate Calculate its gfm 142.042 g/mol (did you get the units right?) How many atoms of sodium would I need to make one formula unit of sodium sulfate? Na2SO4

  16. How many atoms of sodium are needed to make one formula unit of sodium sulfate? 2 Na2SO4

  17. How many dozens of sodium atoms are needed to make one dozen formula units of sodium sulfate? 2 Na2SO4

  18. How many moles of sodium atoms are needed to make one mole of sodium sulfate? 2 Na2SO4

  19. Creating mole-to-mole links using formulas • 1 mole of Na2SO4 = 2 moles of Na • 1 mole of Na2SO4 = 4 moles of O • 1 mole of Na2SO4 = 1 mole of S • 1 mole of Na2SO4 = 1 mole of SO42- • 1 mole of Na2SO4 = 2 moles of Na+ • NOTE from now on: (number) (unit) (chemical) • Unit can be mass, mole, particle

  20. How many f.u.’s of sodium sulfate are in 1 mole of sodium sulfate? 6.02E23 f.u.’s Na2SO4 = 1 mole Na2SO4

  21. How many grams of sodium sulfate are in 1 mole of sodium sulfate? Rule: 1 always goes with the mole 142.042 gNa2SO4 = 1 mole Na2SO4

  22. Now we can use these as links in dimensional analysis.

  23. How many formula units of sodium sulfate are in 10 moles of sodium sulfate? • Start with the set-up we used for dimensional analysis: Now finish the problem…you already wrote the next link down…

  24. A more interesting problem… • How many oxygen atoms are needed to make 7 moles of sodium sulfate? • Start with the set-up we always use in dimensional analysis

  25. NOTE: chemicals are not the same, so we use 3 step process: • 1. find moles of given • 2. make conversion factor to convert to moles of desired chemical • 3. Find desired units

  26. 1. Find moles of given • We already have moles of sodium sulfate, so we’re done with this step 

  27. 2. Make conversion factor to convert to moles of desired chemical • We have moles of sodium sulfate, we want moles of oxygen • There are 4 moles of oxygen in 1 mole of sodium sulfate, so…

  28. 3. Find desired units • We have moles of oxygen, but we want atoms • 1 mole of oxygen has 6.02E23 atoms of oxygen, so…

  29. Reminder • What’s the link between mass and moles? • Molar mass • What’s the link between particles and moles? • Avogadro’s number

  30. Another problem… • How many moles of sulfate ions are needed to make 3.1 grams of sodium sulfate? • Work it! Ask your group if you need help.

  31. Reminder • What’s the link between mass and moles? • Molar mass • What’s the link between particles and moles? • Avogadro’s number

  32. Another problem… • How many grams of sodium are needed to make 1 x 1015 f.u.’s of sodium sulfate? • Work it! Ask your group if you need help.

  33. Reminder • What’s the link between mass and moles? • Molar mass • What’s the link between particles and moles? • Avogadro’s number

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