John F. Kennedy Administration

1. John F. KennedyAdministration

2. Election of 1960 • Republicans nominated Richard Nixon to run for President • As Vice President, he had gained a reputation as a statesman. • He stood up to Khruschev in the “Kitchen Debate.” • He was 47 years old and an excellent campaigner.

3. Election of 1960 • The Democrats nominated John F. Kennedy, a youthful 43 year old Senator from Massachusetts • Major Obstacles • 1. Youth • 2. No Catholic had ever been elected President of the US.

4. Election of 1960 • JFK was helped by the televised Presidential Debate. • He seemed vigorous and comfortable, while Nixon appeared to be pale and tense.

5. Election of 1960

6. Domestic Issues • JFK was tremendously popular to many Americans. • His wife, Jackie, and young family, seemed to symbolize the turning over the country to a new generation. • The press loved his witty press conferences. • He chose his younger brother, Robert, to be his Attorney General.

8. The New Frontier • JFK called for: • Increased Federal Aid to education • Federal support of health care (especially for the elderly) • Urban Renewal • Civil Rights • Increase in Minimum Wage • Major Tax Cuts • JFK had difficulty getting his programs passed by Congress • Small margin of victory in 1960 • Also, while Congress was controlled by Democrats, many of these were Conservative Southern Democrats who had little interest in JFK’s liberal policies.

9. The Peace Corps • Established to send college graduates to undeveloped countries to try to bring education, irrigation, power development, and other technical aid to these peoples

10. Bay of Pigs Invasion • This CIA planned invasion of Cuba by Cuban refugees failed.

11. Cuban Missile Crisis • U-2 Spy Planes brought back pictures of nuclear missile bases being built in Cuba by the USSR

12. Cuban Missile CrisisThreat to the US • These missiles could reach the US in a matter of minutes

13. Quarantine of Cuba

14. Security Council

15. “Waiting for Someone to Blink”

16. JFK Assassination

17. JFK Assassination • JFK was assassinated on November 22, 1963 in Dallas, Texas.

18. Johnson Sworn In

19. Oswald and Ruby

21. Lincoln and Kennedy Parallels • Abraham Lincoln was elected to Congress in 1846. • John F. Kennedy was elected to Congress in 1946. • Abraham Lincoln was elected President in 1860. • John F. Kennedy was elected President in 1960. • The names Lincoln and Kennedy each contain seven letters. • Both were particularly concerned with civil rights. • Both their wives lost their children while living in the White House. • Both Presidents were shot on a Friday. • Both were shot in the head. • Both were shot in the presence of their wives. • The Secretary of each President warned them not to go to the theater and to Dallas, respectively. • Lincoln's Secretary was named Kennedy • Kennedy's Secretary was named Lincoln. • Both were assassinated by Southerners. • Both were succeeded by Southerners. • Both successors were named Johnson. • Andrew Johnson, who succeeded Lincoln, was born in 1808. • Lyndon Johnson, who succeeded Kennedy, was born in 1908. • John Wilkes Booth, who assassinated Lincoln, was born in 1839. • Lee Harvey Oswald, who assassinated Kennedy, was born in 1939. • Both assassins were known by their three names. • Both names comprise fifteen letters. • Booth ran from the theater and was captured in a warehouse. • Oswald ran from the warehouse and was captured in a theater. • To cap it all off, Booth and Oswald were assassinated before their trials.

22. Lyndon B. Johnson’sAdministration

23. LBJ was an excellent politician and had been a devoted follower of FDR’s New Deal.

24. Goals for LBJ • Johnson attempted to accomplish 3 things during his administration • 1. Space Program • 2. Fight Communism in Southeast Asia • 3. The Great Society

25. LBJ and Congress

26. Civil Rights Act of 1964 • LBJ got Congress to pass an expanded version of Kennedy’s civil rights bill.

27. 1964 Election • LBJ defeated Republican candidate Barry Goldwater by a landslide, taking 61% of the popular vote! • The election also led to a Democratically controlled Congress.

28. War on Poverty/Great Society • Formation of the Office of Economic Opportunity which included Job Corps and Head Start • Medicare • Medicaid • Elementary and Secondary Education Act • Department of Transportation and Department of Housing and Urban Development • Increased funding for public housing and crime prevention

29. Criticisms of LBJ Policies • Massive centralized welfare state • Some say it was inefficient and very costly • Difficult to carry out domestic policies while carrying out the space race and the war in Vietnam • Higher Taxes • Inflation

30. Space Race • Yuri Gargarin, a Russian cosmonaut, became the first man in space. • In the Spring of 1961, Alan Shepard became the first American in space.

31. Space Race • In February, 1962, John Glenn became the first American to orbit the earth. • As part of the Gemini program, Ed White became the first American to “walk in space.”

32. Apollo Disaster • On January 27, 1967, the first Apollo capsule caught fire and killed all 3 astronauts on board, Gus Grissom, Ed White, and Roger Chaffee.

33. Apollo 11Neil Armstrong became the first man to walk on the moon on July 20, 1969

34. Near Disaster: Apollo 13

35. The Warren Court