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The Periodic table

Section 1 – Arranging the Elements. The Periodic table. About 63 elements have been identified No organization to the elements Several scientists are trying to find a way to organize the elements. Early 1860’s. Discovers pattern to the elements in 1869

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The Periodic table

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  1. Section 1 – Arranging the Elements The Periodic table

  2. About 63 elements have been identified No organization to the elements Several scientists are trying to find a way to organize the elements. Early 1860’s

  3. Discovers pattern to the elements in 1869 Grouped similar elements together Used properties like Density Appearance Melting point Dmitri Mendeleev

  4. Arranged elements in order of increasing atomic mass Discovered a repeating pattern in the elements Predicted existence & properties of elements not yet discovered Created 1st periodic table Dmitri Mendeleev

  5. Periodic • Happens at a regular interval • Days of the week are periodic. • List 2 other examples of events that happen periodically. • The pattern Mendeleev discovered repeated every 7 elements.

  6. Some element’s properties did not fit the pattern in Mendeleev’s table. • A solution is found in 1914 by Henry Moseley. • Arranged the periodic table by atomic NUMBER instead of atomic MASS. A problem with Mendeleev’s table

  7. The repeating chemical and physical properties of elements change periodically with the elements’ atomic numbers Periodic Law

  8. Make up most of the elements on the periodic table Located on the LEFT side of the zigzag line Are usually SOLID at room temperature SHINY / MALLEABLE / DUCTILE GOOD CONDUCTORS of heat & electricity Outer energy levels contain FEW ELECTRONS Metals

  9. Electrons found in the outermost energy level of an atom Valence Electrons

  10. Located on the LEFT side of the zigzag line More than half are GASES at room temperature DULL in color BRITTLE POOR CONDUCTORS of heat & electricity Outer energy levels are ALMOST FULL or FULL NONMETALS

  11. Also called SEMICONDUCTORS Found BORDERING the zigzag line Outer energy levels are usually HALF FULL Have properties of BOTH METALS & NONMETALS Metalloids

  12. Decoding the Periodic Table

  13. Universal symbols 1 or 2 letters 1st letter: ALWAYS capitalized 2nd letter: NEVER capitalized Every element has a chemical symbol

  14. Chemical symbol Element name Atomic number Atomic mass Info found in periodic table boxes

  15. Horizontal rows 7 periods Element properties change as the period moves across table Periods on the periodic table

  16. Vertical columns Also called FAMILIES 18 groups All elements in a group have: - Similar properties - Same number of valence electrons Groups on the Periodic table

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