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BEGINNINGS OF MODERN AMERICAN DEMOCRACY (1824-1844 )

BEGINNINGS OF MODERN AMERICAN DEMOCRACY (1824-1844 ). THE ELECTION OF 1824 AND JOHN QUINCY ADAMS' PRESIDENCY. turning point in presidential elections … majority of states now allowed voters to choose their presidential electors directly.

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BEGINNINGS OF MODERN AMERICAN DEMOCRACY (1824-1844 )

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  1. BEGINNINGS OF MODERN AMERICAN DEMOCRACY (1824-1844)

  2. THE ELECTION OF 1824 AND JOHN QUINCY ADAMS' PRESIDENCY

  3. turning point in presidential elections … majority of states now allowed voters to choose their presidential electors directly

  4. Democratic-Republican caucus chose William H. Crawford Others--among them John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, and Andrew Jackson--decided to challenge the nomination

  5. Of the four, Andrew Jackson received the greatest number of popular votes and electoral votes

  6. But none of the four had won a majority, so ……. the election was decided in the House of Representatives

  7. Clay threw his support to Adams, thereby handing Adams the victory … and Clay was named Secretary of State(importance of this ..)

  8. Opponents referred to Clay's appointment as the "corrupt bargain."

  9. THE JACKSON PRESIDENCY AND JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY

  10. 1828 ushered in the beginning of the modern political party system

  11. Jackson had been denied the presidency in 1824 despite winning a plurality of the vote He put together a support network

  12. coalition of state political organizations, newspaper publishers, and other community leaders

  13. That group became the present-day Democratic party

  14. Jackson accused Adams of being a corrupt career politician, while Adams accused Jackson of being a stupid and violent drunkard

  15. The modern political campaign was born

  16. He dismissed numerous government -officials and replaced them with political supporters Trading jobs for political favors came to be known as the "spoils system."

  17. Jacksonian democracy replaced Jeffersonian democracy

  18. Jefferson had conceived of a nation governed by middle- and upper-class educated property holders, in which the government would be only as large as absolutely necessary

  19. Jacksonian democracy was based on universal manhood suffrage, meaning the extension of voting rights to all white males, even those who did not own property

  20. A strong presidency also characterized Jacksonian democracy

  21. Jacksonian democracy is not a coherent vision of how a government should function

  22. Strongest support came from the western frontier states Jackson accordingly pursued an aggressive Indian removal program

  23. The Supreme Court had protected Native American rights to their land in Cherokee Nation v. Georgiaand Worcester v. Georgia

  24. Jackson forcibly evicted tribes Removal Act of 1830set in motion the events that resulted in the Trail of Tears

  25. Jackson wanted to “downsize” the federal government.

  26. He saw to it that the Second Bank of the United States failed Deposited Federal funds in state banks

  27. Remember, Clay (the American System) had helped deny Jackson the presidency earlier

  28. Jackson put a halt to all programs associated with Clay's American System

  29. made extensive use of the presidential veto

  30. One of the major issues of Jackson's presidency focused on nullification

  31. Individual states have the right to disobey federal laws if they find them unconstitutional

  32. View expressed by Jefferson and Madison in the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

  33. Tariff of 1828 also known as the Tariff of Abominations

  34. Became a national crisis during Jackson's administration Some states started to consider nullifying the tariff in 1830

  35. 1830 nullification movement failed Laid the groundwork for opposition to the Tariff of 1832, which South Carolina nullified

  36. Compromise Tariff (1833) agreed to reduce tariff gradually over time (1842) but gave president power to employ troops to collect from the states.

  37. Jackson threatened to call in troops crisis subsided with the compromise However ……..

  38. it would continue to be an issue until the War Between the States

  39. Jackson's economic policies demonstrated his distrust of both big government and Northeastern power brokers

  40. (He may not have wanted BIG government, but he did want POWERFUL Presidency.)

  41. suspicious of paper money Specie Circular ended the policy of selling government land on credit (buyers now had to pay "hard cash")

  42. … caused a money shortage, a sharp decrease in the treasury, and overall economic hardship

  43. Slavery

  44. controversial issue during Jackson's tenure

  45. South experienced several slave revolts Nat Turner's Rebellion

  46. Turner had a vision and took this vision as a sign from God that a black liberation movement would succeed

  47. rallied a gang that proceeded to kill and then mutilate the corpses of sixty whites

  48. In retaliation, 200 slaves were executed States passed a series of restrictive laws, known as black codes, prohibiting blacks from congregating and learning to read

  49. THE ELECTION OF 1836 AND THE RISE OF THE WHIGS

  50. Jackson's Democratic party could not represent the interests of all its constituencies Northern abolitionists, Southern plantation owners, Western pioneers

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