1 / 17

Historical Perspectives in Special Education

Historical Perspectives in Special Education. A brief review. Ancient Views (BC). Seriously affected seldom survived birth Mildly disabled survived and contributed Belief in supernatural led to (2) different views: Demons; therefore kill them Unique; therefore revere and honor

gita
Download Presentation

Historical Perspectives in Special Education

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Historical Perspectives in Special Education A brief review

  2. Ancient Views (BC) • Seriously affected seldom survived birth • Mildly disabled survived and contributed • Belief in supernatural led to (2) different views: • Demons; therefore kill them • Unique; therefore revere and honor • Regardless, those with disabilities were isolated

  3. An Ethical Dilemma • Over 400,000 babies are born in the US premature • They are at risk for life long disabilities • Often policy to resuscitate all babies weighing 1 lb or more

  4. Greek and Roman • Early: Away from supernatural to natural causes • Holistic interventions such as: • Diet • Exercise • Natural herbs etc • Mind, body, spirit

  5. Greek and Roman (con’t) • Later in this period: • Need for military superiority • Therefore, needed society free of “defectives” • Returned to previous views of disability • Called Era of Extermination • Individual is what he is, now and forever

  6. Greek & Roman(con’t) • Consequences of Philosophy: • Punishment: Chaining • Left on hills to die • Thrown off cliffs • Locked away • Drown • Father had right to terminate child’s life

  7. Greek and Roman treatment of the disabled Thrown off cliffs Locked away Chained

  8. Middle Ages • Rigid caste system • Era of Ridicule • Those with disabilities were: • Used as servants or fools • Some were still put to death • Dwarfs were used as clowns • Overall, ridiculed for deformities and behavior

  9. Middle Ages Judy Becky

  10. Renaissance • Era of Asylum • Catholic Church accepts those with disabilities as wards of state • Cared for in isolation • No education at first, but humane treatment • Belief: Once disabled, always disabled

  11. Industrial Revolution • Era of Education • Need for mass education, literate society, and good workers • Vocational Emphasis • Sheltered workshops emerged

  12. Early Education Efforts • Itard-wolf boy, multi-sensory learning • Sequin-training sequence • Montessori-individualized and discovery learning • These were some seeds of special education

  13. Pioneers in Special Education Eduard Seguin Maria Montessori Jean-Marc Itard

  14. Turn of the Century (early 1900’s) • Early: Biological emphasis • Institutional Care/medical model • 1900-1950’s some classes for the mentally retarded

  15. Turn of the Century (con’t) • Late: Environmental emphasis • Veterans-rise in litigation and legislation • Civil Rights movement in 50’s and 60’s

  16. Contemporary Issues • Inclusion • Zero Reject • Litigation/legislation • Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) • Parents as equal members • Collaboration between general ed and special ed

More Related