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Types of Reactions

Types of Reactions. Mikaela Jahncke Chem. 11 Adv. B Block 05/25/10. Five Types. Composition (synthesis) Decomposition Single displacement Double displacement Combustion. Combination (synthesis).

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Types of Reactions

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  1. Types of Reactions Mikaela Jahncke Chem. 11 Adv. B Block 05/25/10

  2. Five Types • Composition (synthesis) • Decomposition • Single displacement • Double displacement • Combustion

  3. Combination (synthesis) • A composition reaction is when two or more simple compounds combine to form a more complicated one. • A + B AB • Two element have to form a binary compound (compound with two parts) S + O2 SO2 • Non-metal oxides in water make an acid CO2 + H2O H2CO3

  4. Examples 2Li2O • 4Li + O2 • Aluminium + oxygen gas • Na2O + H2O Aluminium oxide 2NaOH

  5. Decomposition • Opposite of combination • Complex molecule breaks down to make simpler ones • AB A + B • For binary compounds: binary compound element + element 2H2O 2H2 + O2 • For more complicated compounds: NiCO3heat NiO + CO2

  6. Examples • 2Hg • 2Cl2O5 • NH4NO3 heat • 2KClO3 heat 2Hg + O2 2Cl2 + 5O2 N2O + 2H2O 2KCl + 3O2

  7. Single Displacement • One element trades places with another element in a compound • A + BC AC + B Ex. Ca + 2NaOH Ca(OH)2 + 2Na Cl2 + BaBr2 BaCl2 + Br2 • A can only replace B if A is more reactive than B Ex. Mg + NaOH no reaction (Mg is less reactive)

  8. Examples • Fe + CuSO4 • Cl2 + KI • Mg + 2 H2O • I2 + BaBr2 Cu + FeSO4 I2 + KCl Mg(OH)2 + H2 No reaction (I is less reactive)

  9. Double Displacement • The anions and cations of two different molecules switch places, forming two entirely different compounds • AB + CD AD + BC KI + Pb(NO3)2 PbI2 + 2KNO3 • 2 compounds do not always react. There are 3 major things which make these reactions happen: I) a precipitate can be formed II) a molecular compound can be formed III) a gas can be formed • A neutralization reaction is a special double displacement reaction: Acid + Hydroxide salt + water HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O

  10. Examples • 2AlBr3 + 3K2SO4 • FeS + HCl • NaCl + H2SO4 • KOH + H2SO4 6KBr + Al2(SO4)3 FeCl2 + H2S Na2SO4 + HCl K2SO4 + H2O

  11. Combustion • When oxygen combines with another compound to for carbon dioxide and water • These reaction are exothermic, which means they produce heat • Example: C10H8 + 12 O2 10 CO2 + 4 H2O

  12. Summary

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