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Types of Reactions

Types of Reactions. Chemistry Chapter 8. There are two main types of reactions. Double replacement reactions (sometimes called Double displacement) Oxidation-Reduction reactions. Double Replacement. Double Replacement reactions begin with 2 compounds and result in 2 different compounds.

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Types of Reactions

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  1. Types of Reactions Chemistry Chapter 8

  2. There are two main types of reactions • Double replacement reactions (sometimes called Double displacement) • Oxidation-Reduction reactions

  3. Double Replacement • Double Replacement reactions begin with 2 compounds and result in 2 different compounds. • The cations of the reactants switch places and pair with the anion of the other reactant. • AB + CD  CB + AD • Na2SO4(aq)+ ZnCl2(aq)  ZnSO4(aq) + NaCl(aq)

  4. Double Replacement • There are two types of double replacement reactions • 1. Precipitation reactions • 2. Acid-Base reactions

  5. Precipitation reactions • Precipitation reactions result in a solid (remember, this is one of the driving forces of chemical reactions). • BaCl2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) BaSO4 (s) + 2NaCl (aq)

  6. Acid-Base Reactions • Acids begin with HHCl, H2SO4 • Bases end with OH NaOH, Ca(OH)2 • Acid-Base reactions produce a salt and water (another driving force). • A salt is any ionic compound. • HCl (aq) + NaOH (aq)  NaCl (aq) + H2O (l)

  7. Oxidation-Reduction • Oxidation-Reduction involves the transferring of electrons (yet another driving force!) • Oxidizers gain electrons • Reducers lose electrons • There are 4 types of Oxidation-Reduction reactions. • 1. Synthesis • 2. Decomposition • 3. Single Replacement • 4. Combustion

  8. Synthesis and Decomposition • Synthesis involves 2 or more reactants forms one product. • A + B  AB • Decomposition involves one reactant breaking down (decomposing) into 2 or more products. • AB  A + B

  9. Single Replacement • Single replacement involves the replacing of one element with another in a compound. • The reactants include a single element and a compound and the products include a single element and a compound. • A + BC  AC + B

  10. Single Replacement • Hydrogen can be replaced by a metal. • 2Ag + 2HCl  H2 + 2AgCl • More reactive metals replace less reactive metals. • 2Al + 3FeO  Al2O3 + 3Fe • More reactive halogens replace less reactive halogens. • 2NaCl + F2 2NaF + Cl2

  11. Combustion • Combustion involves a carbon-containing compound burning in the presence of oxygen forming carbon dioxide and water. • 2C2H6 +7O2 4CO2+ 6H2O carbon oxygen carbon water compound dioxide

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