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Metabolism

Metabolism. Definitions…. Metabolism – the sum of all the chemical processes whereby _______ is made available and used by the cells of the body Energy – the ability to do work. Catabolic Metabolism. Anabolic Metabolism. Two Types of Metabolism. Energy is used for….

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Metabolism

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  1. Metabolism

  2. Definitions… • Metabolism – the sum of all the chemical processes whereby _______ is made available and used by the cells of the body • Energy – the ability to do work

  3. Catabolic Metabolism Anabolic Metabolism Two Types of Metabolism

  4. Energy is used for…

  5. Energy Balance Equation • Resting Metabolic Rate (55-75%) + • Thermal Effect of Food (5-15%) + • Physical Activity (10-40%) = • Total Energy Expenditure (100%)

  6. Energy (cal.) & Body Weight • 1st Law of Thermodynamics • Weight gain • Weight loss • Weight maintenance

  7. Resting Metabolic Rate • The number of calories the body burns in a 24-hour period while at rest and fasting. • Liver ___% of total calories burned • Brain ___% • Heart ___% • Lungs ___% • Kidneys ___% • ________ ___% • At rest approx. ____% of energy is derived from stored body fat

  8. Resting Metabolic Rate & Gender • Resting metabolic rate (energy expenditure) is approximately 10% lower in women than men • RMR is essentially the same when expressed per unit of “fat-free mass” • Therefore, not a true gender difference

  9. Effects of Strength Training on Resting Metabolic Rate • 24 weeks strength training = increase RMR 6% - 9% • Each additional pound of muscle tissue = ____ kcal/day increase in metabolism

  10. Effects of Severe Caloric Restriction (Dieting) on RMR • _____% decline in RMR with severe caloric restriction - Result of: 1. ___________________ 2. ___________________

  11. Set Point “Theory” & Adaptive Thermogenesis • Hypothalamus establishes a “set point” or body weight that it will work to maintain • Adaptive Thermogenesis – the body will speed up or slow down metabolism to maintain the set point • If consume fewer calories… • If consume more calories… • To reset the set point

  12. Thermal Effect of Food • Calories burned to digest, absorb, and transport the nutrients in food we consumed. • Protein: 15-25% (of food calories) • Carbohydrate: 8-12% • Fat: 5%

  13. Physical Activity (thermal effect) • Calories burned to support physical activity • Activities of daily living - ________ Factor • Planned exercise - Intensity and duration

  14. Post Exercise Thermogenesis • The increased metabolic rate (calories burned) above resting metabolism (Resting Metabolic Rate) that follows cessation of exercise. • approx. 15% of total exercise caloric burn

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