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The Solar System

The Solar System. 6 th Grade Science 2011. The Solar System. What do you know about the solar system?. What is a planet?. The definition of planet set in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) states that in the Solar System a planet is a celestial body that:

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The Solar System

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  1. The Solar System 6th Grade Science 2011

  2. The Solar System • What do you know about the solar system?

  3. What is a planet? • The definition of planet set in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU) states that in the Solar System a planet is a celestial body that: • is in orbit around the Sun, • has sufficient mass to assume hydrostatic equilibrium (a nearly round shape), and • has "cleared the neighbourhood" around its orbit.

  4. General Characteristics of the Solar System • Terrestrial planets- small, composed of rock and metallic elements (metals) • Jovian planets- large, composed of gases and frozen compounds

  5. 4 Terrestrial PlanetsThe Inner Planets • Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars • Rocky and metallic • Small • No rings Very few moons

  6. Mercury • 1st planet • 58.6 earth days to rotate once • 88 earth days to revolve once • No moons • No rings • No atmosphere

  7. Venus • 2nd planet • 243 earth days to rotate once • 224.7 earth days to revolve once • No moons, rings • Atmosphere is mostly CO2

  8. Earth • 3rd planet • 24 hours to rotate • 365 days to revolve • 1 moon • No rings

  9. Mars • 4th planet • 24.6 hours to rotate • 687 days to revolve • 2 moons • No rings, atmosphere

  10. The Asteroid Belt • Separates Inner and Outer planets • Asteroids are primordial objects left over from the formation of the Solar System. While some have suggested that they are the remains of a protoplanet that was destroyed in a massive collision long ago, the prevailing view is that asteroids are leftover rocky matter that never successfully coalesced into a planet.

  11. 4Jovian PlanetsThe Outer Planets • Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune • Gases & frozen gases • Very large • All have rings • Many moons

  12. Jupiter • 5th planet (1st outer planet) • 9.84 hours to rotate • 4,333 days to revolve • (12 earth years) • 63 moons • Rings • Largest planet

  13. Saturn • 6th planet • 10.2 hours to rotate • 10, 759 days to revolve (29 earth years) • 33 moons • Rings

  14. Uranus • 7th planet • 17.9 hours to rotate • 30,688 days to revolve • (84 earth years) • 27 moons • Rings • Tilted on its side

  15. Neptune • 8th planet • 19 hours to rotate • 60,181 days to revolve (164.8 earth years) • 13 moons • Rings • Methane atmosphere gives it bluish color

  16. TheNinePlanets 8 • Mercury • Venus • Earth • Mars • Jupiter • Saturn • Uranus • Neptune

  17. Is Pluto a Planet? • Dwarf planet • From its time of discovery in 1930 to 2006 it was considered to be the ninth planet in the solar system, but because additional objects have been discovered including Eris which is 27% more massive, the IAU reclassified Pluto and the other objects as dwarf planets. The New Horizons spacecraft was launched on January 16, 2006 and will make its closest approach to Pluto on July 14, 2015. This mission will provide an increased amount of information about this peculiar dwarf planet.

  18. Pluto • Dwarf planet • 6 days, 9 hours to rotate • 90,470 days to revolve (247.7 earth years)

  19. Dwarf Planets

  20. Venus

  21. moon

  22. Jupiter

  23. Saturn

  24. Scaling the Solar System • not to scale • have to fit in picture

  25. Scale model of Planets compared to Sun 0.04in. 12.01in. Mercury 0.10in. Venus 0.12in Earth 0.06in. Mars 1.20in. Jupiter 1.00in. Saturn 0.40in. Uranus 0.39in. Neptune 0.02in. Pluto

  26. Distance -not to scale -drawn to fit picture

  27. The moon is 30 Earth’s away

  28. Distance Because space is so vast, astronomers have a created different unit for measuring the distances in space known as an astronomical unit. This is the distance from the Sun to the Earth. • Earth is 93million miles from Sun (150million km) • 1 AU (astronomical unit) http://www.northern-stars.com/solar_system_distance_scal.htm

  29. Mercury .38 Venus- .72 Earth- 1.0 Mars- 1.5 Jupiter- 5.2 Saturn- 9.5 Uranus- 19.2 Neptune- 30.0 Pluto- 39.4 Scale solar system 1AU= 1m (earth 1m away from sun) AU’s

  30. Rotation & Revolution

  31. General Characteristics of the Solar System Planetary orbits and rotation • planet and satellite orbits are in a common plane • nearly all planet and satellite orbital and rotation motions are in the same direction

  32. Planet and satellite orbits are in a common plane common plane

  33. Nearly all planet and satellite orbital and rotation motions are in the same direction

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