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Mexican Preschool Mandatory Implementation: Impact, Costs, and Challenges

Learn about the mandatory preschool system in Mexico, its impact on children's development, costs, and challenges faced during implementation. Discover the reasons behind making preschool compulsory and the improvements it brings to early childhood education. Explore the reforms, obstacles, successes, and challenges encountered in ensuring preschool enrollment and quality education for all children.

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Mexican Preschool Mandatory Implementation: Impact, Costs, and Challenges

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  1. Ministry of Health Ministry of Welfare NGOS Ministry of Education • Initial Education • Birth to 3 years 11 months old • Care and Educational focus • Diferent curriculums • Conafe´s impact evaluation: • -Improvement of parents and children competencies • Preschool • 3 to 5 years 11 months old • Since 2002 obligatory • Educational focus only • 15 hours per week • No impact evaluation Mexican Early Childhood Education

  2. Reasons to make preschool compulsory • Public Policy • To improve the quality of the educational process and its achievements • To attain 12 years of schooling • International Research • Children 3-6 years of age who attend Preschool • Have time during preschool to develop their capacities and skills • Have easier transitions and a better academic performance in elementary school • Increase their self-control, self-esteem, and communication, social, and mathematical skills C O M P U L S O R Y

  3. Costs of making preschool compulsory • In 2009 the Goverment invested in preeschool • $1,030 Thousand US Cost per Child/4,594,382 • $4,7 Billions US Cost per Year • Infrastucture • Regularization • Training • Operation Costs • Materials • Salaries

  4. Implementation Process Reform Implementation Process • Regulation of public and private establishments • Setting standards and qualifications for educative agents • State-level, regional, municipal, and service unit meetings to introduce the new program 2002 Reforms of the Mexican Constitution (3rd and 31st Articles) Obligatory Preschool “Preschool education will become obligatory in the following stages: the 3rd year of preschool in the 2004-2005 academic cycle; the 2nd year of preschool in the 2005-2006 academic cycle; the 1st year of preschool in the 2008-2009 academic year”

  5. Obstacles Infrastructure Policy Debate Training Resources • Early childhood • development • depends not • on obligations, • but on curricular • development and • suitable • conditions • Preparing • educators • that work with • different • methods • and programs • Provide • services • to diverse • populations • Lack of • preschool • teachers • Overcrowding of • preschool classrooms for lack • of space • Lack of capital • to accomplish the • obligatory first • year due to the • finnancial crisis • Resource • distribution • criteria

  6. Successes Since the 2003-2004 academic school year, preschool registration has grown by more than 1.1 million children.

  7. Challenges Preschool Enrollment (2009-2010) • To increase the 3 year old • population enrollment, • which represent almost • the 21% of children not • enrolled

  8. Challenges 1. Investment to 2015 42 thousand new teachers (1:18) 38 thousand classrooms Enrollment would rise to 726 thousand students 2. Balance between parents´ working hours and preeschool Increase preeschool hours in order to support working parents

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