Alex M. Banda, FANR Directorate SADC Secretariat 8th January 2011

1. BRIEFING ON FOOD, AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES DIRECORATE’S PROPGRAMMES Presented to Workshop on Institutional and Strategic Frameworks for Sustainable Development Addis Ababa 7th to 11th March 2011 Alex M. Banda, FANR Directorate SADC Secretariat 8th January 2011

2. 1.0 Background 1980 – SADC established in Lusaka as Southern African Development Co-ordination Conference (SADCC); 1992 Transformed into SADC - Treaty signed giving the organisation a legal character. SADC Mission – promote sustainable and equitable economic growth and socio-economic development through efficient productive systems, deeper co-operation and integration, good governance and durable peace and security.

3. SADC TREATY ARTICLE 5: OBJECTIVES are to: • Achieve development and economic growth, alleviate poverty, enhance the standard and quality of life of the people of Southern Africa; • Promote self-sustaining development on the basis of collective self-reliance, and the interdependence of Member States; • Achieve sustainable utilization of natural resources and effective protection of the environment;

4. The SADC Region 15 Member States Population 258 million GDP US$ 471 billion Population growth rate about 3%

5. Restructuring Of SADC In 2001SADC restructured from country-based coordination of sectoral activities and programmes with 21 Coordinating Units to a centralized approach with 4 Clusters

6. 2.0 SADC Programmes The RISDP (and SIPO (SIPO for the Politics and Defence)) • Provide direction on the regional priorities for the 15 years since 2005; • Indicative in nature.

7. Implementation of RISDP Four Technical Directorates: • Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (FANR), • Trade and Industry, Finance and Investment (TIFI) • Infrastructure and Services (I & S); • Social and Human Development & Special Programmes (SHD & SP) • Directorates/Units for Cross-cutting Issues: Gender, and Strategic Planning

8. Directorate of Trade, Industry, Finance and Industry (TIFI) Overall Objective: The Directorate’s overall objective is to facilitate and coordinate trade and financial liberalization, competitive and diversified industrial development and increased investment for deeper regional integration and poverty eradication in the SADC region

9. Intervention Areas • Pursuing market integration through the establishment of the Free Trade Area, the SADC Customs Union and the SADC Common Market; • Attainment of macroeconomic convergence; • Development and strengthening of financial and capital markets; • Attainment of deeper monetary cooperation; • Increasing levels of investment in SADC including the Foreign Direct Investment; • Enhancing SADC competitiveness in industrial and mining and other productive activities for effective participation in the global economy; and • Ensuring compliance with international trade agreements.

10. Food Agriculture and Natural Resources (FANR) Directorate: Overall Objective To develop, promote, coordinate and facilitate harmonization of policy and programmes in food, agriculture, natural resources and environment.

11. Intervention Areas • Ensure food availability; • Ensure access to food; • Improve safety and nutritional value of food; • Ensure disaster preparedness for food security; • Ensure equitable & sustainable use of environment and natural resources; and • Strengthening institutional frameworks and capacity building.

12. Infrastructure and Services (I&S) Directorate Overall objectives: • Ensure the availability of sufficient, least-cost energy, transport, water and sanitation infrastructure, ICT and telecommunications services that will assist in the attainment of economic efficiency and the eradication of poverty, whilst ensuring the environmentally sustainable use of energy resources; • Facilitate the development of tourism, as well as marketing the region as a single multifaceted tourism destination to achieve sustainable social and economic development, equity, balance, improve the quality, competitiveness and standards of service of the tourism industry in the region;

13. Overall Objectives Cont’d • Harmonise regional policies, regulatory and legislative regimes and other policy instruments enshrined in the requisite regional Protocols and relevant Annexes, as well as global and international conventions and standards; • Create an enabling environment to facilitate investment in infrastructure, through harmonised institutional, legislative and regulatory policy development.

14. Intervention Areas • ensure the availability of sufficient, least-cost energy services that will assist in the attainment of economic efficiency and the eradication of poverty, whilst ensuring the environmentally sustainable use of energy resources. • take advantage of international technological developments and develop national telecommunications networks for the provision of reliable effective and affordable telecommunications services in order to ensure adequate high quality and efficient services; achieve universal service and to enhance interconnectivity in the region and globally.

15. I&S intervention areas cont’d • Ensure that tourism is aggressively promoted for the region to be a “single but multifaceted tourism destination capitalising on common strengths and highlighting individual Member State’s unique tourism attractions”, and to facilitate intra-regional travel through the “easing or removal of travel • support the development of the Free Trade Area (2008), followed by a Customs Union (2010) and ultimately a Common Market (2015) in SADC through transport infrastructure development, harmonisation of policies and capacity building

16. Social and Human Development & Special Programmes Directorate (SHD & SP) Overall Objective The overall objective of the Directorate is “tocontribute to the reduction of human poverty and to improve the availability of educated, well informed, skilled, healthy, flexible, culturally responsive, productive and efficient human resources for the promotion of SADC’s equitable economic growth, deeper integration and its competitiveness in the global economy.”

17. SHD&SP Intervention Areas • increase the availability of educated and highly skilled personnel through equivalent and harmonized education and training systems of Member States. • to attain an acceptable standard of health for all citizens to reach specific targets within the objective of "Health for All" in the twenty first century by 2020 in all Member States through the primary health care strategy. • to stimulate the demand for labour, or increase the rate of labour absorption in the economy • Prevention and control of HIV and AIDS • Promotion of Science and Technology development

18. Role of SADC in Ensuring Sustainable Development • Harmonization of policy and regulatory frameworks • Facilitation of the development of regional strategies and programmes • Facilitation of the development of Infrastructure of regional nature • Promotion of free movement of citizens across the region • Capacity Building • Resource Mobilization • Facilitation of development and strengthening of regional support Institutions • Fostering Exchange of Information • Early Warning and Disaster Preparedness • Reporting • Facilitating international collaboration with ICP and implementation of MEA

19. Harmonization of Policy and Regulatory Frameworks Regional Protocols: (Dating back from 1992) • Protocol on Trade • Protocol on Health • Protocol on Tourism • Protocol on Gender and Development: • Protocol on Education and Training • Protocol on Shared Water Courses 1995, Revised 2000 • Protocol on Facilitation of Free Movement of Persons. • Protocol on Forestry • Protocol on Wildlife • Protocol on Fisheries • Protocol on Environment (Under Development • Protocol on Combating Illicit Drugs

20. Harmonization of Policy and Regulatory Frameworks cont’d Regional Policies: • SADC Regional Environment policy and Strategies • Gender Policy • Policy on HIV & AIDS • SADC Regional Water Policy 2005 • SADC Regional Agriculture Policy – Under Development-Advanced stage

21. Harmonization of Policy and Regulatory Frameworks cont’d Regional Strategies and Action Plans: • IUU Commitment of Intent- (Ministerial statement of commitment) • Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (Supported by IUCN and UNCBD) • Sub-regional Environment Action (Plan supported by NEPAD) • Gender Mainstreaming tool kit • Climate Change Strategy (under development) • Environment mainstreaming tool kit - under development, supported by UNECA) • Harmonized Seed System

22. Coordination of implementation of Regional Programmes A number of programmes have been undertaken. Examples include: • Control of Transboundary Animal Diseases (Supported by AfDB) • Integrated Water Resources Management Demonstration. Projects have been implemented in Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Swaziland and Zambia focusing on poverty alleviation, lessons learned on these projects to be shared as best practice with other Member States. • Development TFCAs e.g. KAZA (currently 19, only 10 are operation) • Regional Programmes on REDD, Fire Management, Waste Management, Climate Change (under development)

23. Infrastructure Development • A number of road corridors linking different Member States commissioned • A number of power generation plants commissioned-contributing to the regional power pool • Rehabilitation of rail lines across Member States • Facilitating expansion airports aimed at promoting region interconnectivity • SADC Regional Information Infrastructure (inter State fibre connectivity cable). • Under-sea cables completed WACS, GL 01, ACE and Main One (West Coast), as well as Seacom, Teams, Sat-3-Safe (East Coast). Note! EIA is mandatory on all projects

24. Promotion of Trade and free movement of SADC citizens across the region • Designation of the Free Trade Area and removal of other trade barriers • Customs Union on course • Money/Currency union still being worked out • SADC UNIVISA development is on course. • SADC Visa Exemption is also on course.

25. Fostering Exchange of Information • Regional Databases Developed-AIMS, LIMS, REDD etc • SADC Website with various links • Water Communication Strategy • Various networks e.g. Network of Environmental educators • Various Technical Committees

26. Capacity Building • A number of Institutions supported to facilitate capacity Building • SADC Regional Environmental Education Programme • Formal and Informal education • TFCAs • SADC Plant Genetic Resources Centre • CCARDESA- (Final Stages of institutionalization)

27. Early Warning and Disaster Preparedness • Vulnerability Assessments • Provision of Health information and alerts • Climate outlooks-Quarterly issues • DRR Committee

28. Reporting and Information Dissemination • Vulnerability Assessments under the RVAA • Food Security updates • Annual Reports e.g. Food Security Reports • Environment Outlook reports

29. Facilitation of collaboration with ICP and implementation of MEAs • Coordination of ICP Forums • Facilitating development of regional position on the various MEAs • Fostering inter-organizational coordination e.g. tripartite arrangements COMESA/EAC/SADC, NEPAD, UNECA, AMCEN, AU etc

30. Opportunities to foster SD • Abundant natural resources including enormous resources of coal & hydro and mineral wealth • The strong policy frameworks and enabling environment for infrastructure development • Active participation by Member States as implementing entities including private sector participation • High potential for agriculture, water and energy infrastructure development • Acceptance that infrastructure is needed in Africa by major potential investors (World Bank, ADB etc.) and Support from International cooperating partners • Rapid growth in technology including mobile communication & wireless technologies

31. Lessons Learnt and challenges • Lack of functional national institutions to effectively coordinate issues of regional nature • Difficulties in harmonisation of regulatory and policy frameworks including integration of national and regional plans • Inter REC co-operation • Number of MEAs overwhelming for both Member States and RECs • Disconnect between MEAs and RECs in some instances • Rapid pace of technological change

32. Lessons Learnt cont’d • Lack of capacity for project preparation and packaging • Low and unsustainable water and electricity tariff • Lack of capacity to develop, implement, operate and maintain infrastructure systems • Funding for both project development and implementation • Bridging the divide – rich vs poor, urban vs rural • Complex project financing deals driven by lenders • Climate change

33. Thank you for your attention! Merci bo coup! Obrigado!