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Identifying the Need for Instruction

Identifying the Need for Instruction. What is the actual problem, and will instruction or training solve the problem?. Objectives. Describe the four steps of a Needs Assessment Describe six categories of needs and the associated data sources.

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Identifying the Need for Instruction

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  1. Identifying theNeed for Instruction What is the actual problem, and will instruction or training solve the problem?

  2. Objectives • Describe the four steps of a Needs Assessment • Describe six categories of needs and the associated data sources. • Describe four types of performance problems and the associated solutions.

  3. A Needs Assessment • A tool for identifying a problem and selecting an appropriate intervention or solution. • summarize actual and optimal situation • identify gap and need • determine performance problems and causes • recommend solutions

  4. Outcomes of a Needs Assessment • Clear description of the problem, supported by data. • Appropriate solution recommendation. • Pinpoint the problem. • Confirm the causes. • Recommend solutions.

  5. Sources of Information Supervisors - Administration Employees - Teachers Management - Superintendent School Board Content Experts - Teachers

  6. Sources of Information reports surveys interviews journals discussions assessments observations questionnaires

  7. Step 1 of a Needs Assessment Summarize the actual and optimal situation.

  8. Needs Assessment current situation (what is) Actual

  9. Needs Assessment current situation (what is) Actual desired situation (what should be) Optimal

  10. Step 2 of a Needs Assessment Summarize the actual and optimal situation. Identify the gap and need.

  11. Needs Assessment current situation (what is) Actual gap desired situation (what should be) Optimal

  12. Needs Assessment current situation (what is) Actual the need gap desired situation (what should be) Optimal

  13. Types of Needs • Normative Need • Comparing the target audience against a national standard • Comparative Need • Comparing target audience against an external standard (benchmarking)

  14. Types of Needs • Felt Need • Is a desire or want that an individual has to improve either his or her performance or that of the target audience. (not acted upon) • Expressed Need • A felt need turned into action (something someone has done to express a need, i.e. enrolled in a class)

  15. Types of Needs • Anticipated or Future Needs • Identifying what people need to know in the future. • Critical Incident needs • Failures that are rare but have significant consequences.

  16. Step 3 of a Needs Assessment Summarize the actual and optimal situation. Identify the gap and need. Determine performance problems and causes.

  17. Performance Problems (Cause) Lack of skill or knowledge Flawed environment Few or improper incentives Motivation

  18. Performance Assessment Causes Fishbone Diagram Performance Problem

  19. Performance Assessment Skills and Knowledge Environment Fishbone Diagram Motivation Incentives

  20. Performance Assessment Skills and Knowledge Environment Fishbone Diagram Don’t understand changing work environment Very chaotic Too loud Resisting change High Employee Turnover New Procedures are not well defined Current incentive system is not working Lack of available training classes Motivation Incentives

  21. Step 4 of a Needs Assessment Summarize the actual and optimal situation. Identify the gap and need. Determine performance problems and causes. Determine solutions.

  22. Lack of Skills / Knowledge Training Job Aids Selection Performance Problems & Solutions

  23. Lack of Skills / Knowledge Training Job Aids Selection Flawed Environment Improved tools Improved forms Workplace re-design Job re-design Performance Problems & Solutions

  24. Improper Incentives Improved policies Better supervision Improved incentives Performance Problems & Solutions

  25. Improper Incentives Improved policies Better supervision Improved incentives Unmotivated Employees Training Information Coaching Better supervision Performance Problems & Solutions

  26. Summary Summarize the actual and optimal situation. Identify the gap and need. Determine performance problems and causes. Determine solutions.

  27. ~ Your Assignment ~ • Using the Needs Analysis template, write a needs analysis. • Identify the audience • Identify the general content area • Complete all steps of the needs assessment • Summarize actual and optimal situation • Identify gap or need • Determine performance problems and causes • Determine solutions

  28. ~ fini ~

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