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What are the characteristics of the various stages of memory?

What are the characteristics of the various stages of memory?. The “standard” model of memory Sensory memory Working memory Coding information into Working memory Peterson & Peterson’s demonstration Distinguishing between Working memory and Long-term memory (LTM).

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What are the characteristics of the various stages of memory?

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  1. What are the characteristics of the various stages of memory? • The “standard” model of memory • Sensory memory • Working memory • Coding information into Working memory • Peterson & Peterson’s demonstration • Distinguishing between Working memory and Long-term memory (LTM)

  2. Concepts arising out of the initial class demonstration: • Primacy effect • Recency effect • Frequency • Distinctiveness • Organization • Visual imagery • (Mnemonic device) • Reconstruction

  3. Sensory Input Three-Stores Model of Memory (See Gleitman, p. 245) Maintenance Rehearsal Attention Encoding Sensory Memory Working Memory LTM Indefinite duration .5” - 3” duration 10” - 15” duration Retrieval

  4. Visual (iconic) memory (Gleitman pp. 279-282) eidetic memory mental rotation (Gleitman, p.280) Acoustic (echoic) memory Tactile memory Sperling’s demonstration Tachistoscope

  5. Example of the type of short-duration display used in George Sperling’s studies of visual memory: H R F Z J M V L B K C S

  6. Peterson & Peterson study 100 80 60 % items recalled 40 20 0 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 Interval before recall (sec.)

  7. 0-second delay Recency Effect 30-second delay Recency effect and working memory: Effect of delay between list and test (See also Gleitman, p. 246)

  8. 100 80 Slow (2 sec. per word) 60 % items recalled 40 Primacy Effect 20 Fast (1 sec. per word) 0 5 15 1 10 20 Serial position Primacy effect and long-term memory: Effect of rate of presentation of words (See also Gleitman, p. 246)

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