The ROOT System A Data Access & Analysis Framework

1. The ROOT SystemA Data Access & Analysis Framework Graphics 3-4-5 June 2003 René Brun/EP http://root.cern.ch ROOT courses

2. The Graphics libraries Basic principles TPad, list of primitives Painting, Picking 2-D, 3-D primitives ROOT courses

3. ROOT corses

4. ROOT libs R O O T CERNLIB ls -l $ROOTSYS/lib ls -l /cern/pro/lib 203856 libASImage.so 1273308 libCint.so 5658143 libCore.so 419481 libEG.so 152912 libEGPythia.so 160874 libEGPythia6.so 162181 libEGVenus.so 326000 libGX11.so 183065 libGX11TTF.so 2306421 libGeom.so 158895 libGeomPainter.so 1019977 libGpad.so 1602106 libGraf.so 1028762 libGraf3d.so 3669409 libGui.so 1605344 libHbook.so 1940222 libHist.so 332268 libHistPainter.so 114970 libHtml.so 167670 libMC.so 580851 libMatrix.so 319945 libMinuit.so 268321 libMySQL.so 21981 libNew.so 88438 libPgSQL.so 336736 libPhysics.so 196318 libPostscript.so 576691 libProof.so 681086 libRFIO.so 2017467 libRGL.so 177657 libRint.so 35410 libSRPAuth.so 1120731 libTable.so 312785 libThread.so 1067715 libTree.so 356186 libTreePlayer.so 409350 libTreeViewer.so 155664 libX3d.so 1434404 libgrafX11.a 1046944 libgraflib.a 4981896 libkernlib.a 2002460 libmathlib.a 11849762 libpacklib.a 4350440 libpawlib.a TOTAL = 25.2 MBytes TOTAL = 30.7 MBytes ROOT corses

5. Gui/Graphics strategy User/Root GUI and Graphics classes Applications see only Abstract Interfaces High level pad graphics TVirtualPad Low level screen graphics and GUI TVirtualX TPad TGWin32 TGQt TG?? TGX11 TGWin32GDK ROOT corses

6. Coordinate Systems • Pixel coordinates [0,32000] (TVirtualX) • (0,0) at top left corner • NDC (Normalized Device Coordinates) • [0,1], (0,0) at bottom left corner • System used for annotations • Normal User coordinates (TVirtualPad) • Linear/Log scale in x,y,z • Can switch between lin/log scale without calling Draw again. • TVirtualPad/TPad have functions to convert between systems ROOT corses

7. TPad: main graphics container Root > TLine line(.1,.9,.6,.6) Root > line.Draw() Root > TText text(.5,.2,”Hello”) Root > text.Draw() Hello The Draw function adds the object to the list of primitives of the current pad. If no pad exists, a pad is automatically created with a default range [0,1]. When the pad needs to be drawn or redrawn, the object Paint function is called. Only objects deriving from TObject may be drawn in a pad Root Objects or User objects ROOT corses

8. TPad hierarchy A primitive in the pad can be another pad. The top level pad is a TCanvas. A pad has an associate pixmap. Painting is in the pixmap. When the pad must be redrawn, the pixmap is flushed to the window canvas pad1a pad1 pad2 pad3 The pixmap is flushed when the pad is declared “modified” and TPad::Update called ROOT corses

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10. Canvas pixmaps Need Help? Scroll bars 1200x800 600x400 ROOT corses

11. Saving a pad/canvas • A pad/canvas may be saved in many formats using the GUI menu or via TPad::SaveAs • canvas.C : a C++ script is automatically generated. The canvas may be generated again via .x canvas.C • canvas.ps(eps) Postscript or encapsulated ps • canvas.svg : scalable vector graphics • canvas.gif • canvas.root: keep objects in a compressed and portable format. ROOT corses

12. Graphics in Batch mode • No changes required to your program • X11 libs are not loaded • Can produce output with .ps,.eps,.svg,.root • example: • canvas.SavesAs(“file.ps”) ROOT corses

13. Picking- Graphics event loop TCanvas::HandleInput manages the event loop. When the mouse moves to a pad, TPad::Pick is called. TPad::Pick loops on all primitives in the pad, calling their function DistancetoPrimitive. The selected object is the one with the smallest distance. Activate the tool bar option “ShowEventStatus” to understand the behaviour. ROOT corses

14. Picking- Graphics event loop When an object has been selected by DistancetoPrimitive, its ExecuteEvent function is called. The result of ExecuteEvent is object dependent. The cursor changes shape to suggest possible actions : grow/shrink/move box, rotation, etc. Pressing the right mouse button on an object shows its context menu. ROOT corses

15. The Graphics Event Loop • The ROOT event handler supports: • keyboard interrupts • system signals • X11, Xt, Xm events • Sockets interrupts • Special messages (shared memory, threads..) • Foreign systems (eg Inventor, X3d..) can easily be integrated in the ROOT loop. • ROOT will dispatch the foreign events using Timers. • Signals and Slots like in Qt • Qt and ROOT can work together ROOT corses

16. Basic Primitives TLine TArrow TEllipse TButton TBox TCurvyLine TDiamond TText TPave TMarker TPavesText TCrown TPaveLabel TCurlyArc TPolyLine TLatex ROOT corses

17. The Graphics Editor See HELP button to use the graphics editor ROOT corses

18. Graphics attributes Most Root classes derive from very light weight data objects classes like TAttLine, TAttFill, TAttMarker, TAttText ROOT corses

19. Annotations, Paves quarks.C ROOT corses

20. Full LateXsupport on screen and postscript latex3.C Formula or diagrams can be edited with the mouse Feynman.C TCurlyArc TCurlyLine TWavyLine and other building blocks for Feynmann diagrams ROOT corses

21. Graphs TGraphErrors(n,x,y,ex,ey) TGraph(n,x,y) gerrors2.C TCutG(n,x,y) TMultiGraph TGraphAsymmErrors(n,x,y,exl,exh,eyl,eyh) ROOT corses

22. Graphs zdemo.C ROOT corses

23. Graphics : 1,2,3-D functions FittingDemo.C surfaces.C TF3 f3(“f3”,”sin(x*x+y*y+z*z-36)”,-2,2,-2,2,-2,2); f3->Draw(); ROOT corses

24. TGaxis gaxis.C ROOT corses

25. Adding dynamic objects to a pad A TExec object may be added to the pad. Its Paint function can call any CINT command. DynamicSlice.C ROOT corses

26. Using Timers with graphics Double_t pi = TMath::Pi(); TF2 *f2; Float_t t = 0; Float_t phi = 30; void anim() { gStyle->SetFrameFillColor(42); TCanvas *c1 = new TCanvas("c1"); c1->SetFillColor(17); f2 = new TF2("f2","sin(2*x)*sin(2*y)*[0]",0,pi,0,pi); f2->SetParameter(0,1); f2->SetNpx(15); f2->SetNpy(15); f2->SetMaximum(1); f2->SetMinimum(-1); f2->Draw("surf1"); TTimer *timer = new TTimer(20); timer->SetCommand("Animate()"); timer->TurnOn(); } void Animate() { t += 0.05*pi; f2->SetParameter(0,TMath::Cos(t)); phi += 2; gPad->SetPhi(phi); gPad->Modified(); gPad->Update(); } anim.C Every 20 milliseconds: -Modify the function parameter -Change the view angle ROOT corses

27. More on Timers with Graphics { // run the dancing Hello World Hello hello; // run the analog clock Aclock clock; // run the Tetris game Tetris tetris; } The 3 canvases run in parallel games.C ROOT corses

28. GUI User example Example of GUI based on ROOT tools Each element is clickable ROOT corses

29. GUI Examples ROOT corses

30. Input modes Zoom controls Option tabs Status information Canvas Pads Object information Graphical User InterfaceEx: ZEUS event display ROOT corses

31. Fish-eye View ROOT corses

32. TASImage classes New set of image processing classes. The TImage class is the abstract image base class and TASImage is the concrete implementation using the libAfterImage imaging library of Sasha Vasko <sasha@aftercode.net>. A large part of the development was done by Reiner Rohlfs from the ISDC based on a set of astrophysics user requirements. The image class allows for the reading and writing of images in different formats, several image manipulations (scaling, tiling, merging, etc.) and displaying in pads. The size of the image on the screen does not depend on the original size of the image but on the size of the pad.Therefore it is very easy to resize the image on the screen by resizing the pad. Galaxy_image.C Rose_image.C ROOT corses

33. 3-D Graphics • Basic primitives • TPolyLine3D, TPolyMarker3D, THelix, TMarker3DBox,TAxis3D • Geant primitives • Support for all Geant3 volumes + a few new volume types • TBRIK,TCONE,TCONS,TCTUB,TELTU,TGTRA,THYPE,TPARA,TPCON, TPGON,TSPHE,TTUBE,TTUBS,TTRAP,TTRD1,TTRD2,TXTRU • Geometry package • Rendering with: • TPad • X3D (very fast. Unix only. Good on networks) • OpenGL • OpenInventor (new addition in 3.01) ROOT corses

34. Some detectors in ROOT geometry ROOT corses

35. Alice 3 million nodes ROOT corses

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37. Interfaces with other systems • RootPython interface by Pere Mato • http://root.cern.ch/root/R2002/Program.html • JavaRoot by Subir Sarkar • http://sarkar.home.cern.ch/sarkar/jroot/main.html • The ROOT interface to Mathematica • http://mathroot.sourceforge.net • and many more, see; • http://root.cern.ch/root/ExApplications.html ROOT corses

38. RootPython (Pere Mato) RootModule TObjectWrap TObject TClassWrap TClass Python interpreter CINT TMethodWrap TMethod Boost.Python TCArrayWrap Other ROOT Libraries TROOTWrap ROOT corses

39. JavaRoot http://sarkar.home.cern.ch/sarkar/jroot/main.html Extend Java with Root libraries • Java gets a matured HistogramingAPI,Fittingand Physics analysis classes, a HEP specificSocket programming API • Root reaches an even wider audience, finds a number of interpreter and scripting environments that are (re)implemented in Java (Jython, BeanShell etc.) Jython BeanShell NetRexx Jacl J A V A J N I R O O T ROOT corses

40. CINT vs Java/Python/Jython CINT: 280 Rootmarks JAVA: 105 Rootmarks JYTHON: 52 Rootmarks ROOT corses