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Cross Compliance Animal Welfare Requirements: Overview & Legal Basis

Learn about the concept of animal welfare, common non-compliances, and the legal basis for animal welfare requirements in the training program.

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Cross Compliance Animal Welfare Requirements: Overview & Legal Basis

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  1. FAS Training 2019Cross ComplianceAnimal WelfareRequirementsIntegrated Controls Division 1

  2. Overview Legal Basis Concept Welfare Requirements Common Non-Compliances

  3. Animal Welfare SMR 13: Applies to all farm animals SMR 11: Lists extra requirements (minimum standards) for Calves SMR 12: Lists extra requirements (minimum standards) for Pigs

  4. Legal Basis SMR 13: All Farm Animals • Article 4 Council Directive 98/58/EC SMR 11: Extra requirements for Calves • Articles 3 & 4 Council Directive 2008/119/EC [replaced 91/629/EEC] SMR 12: Extra requirements for Pigs • Articles 3 & 4 Council Directive 2008/120/EC [replaced 91/630/EEC]

  5. Legal Basis Most Council Directives transposed into national legislation by: European Communities (Welfare of Farmed Animals) Regulations 2010 (S.I. No.311 of 2010) [replaced S.I No. 14 of 2008].

  6. Legal Basis Mutilations dealt with in Animal Health & Welfare Act 2013 and Various SI’s

  7. Concept of Animal Welfare Freedom from: Thirst, Hunger and Malnutrition Discomfort Unnecessary Pain, Suffering, Injury and Disease Stress and Fear. Freedom to express normal behaviour

  8. SMR 13 – Welfare of Animals Aim is to protect the welfare of farmed animals by meeting minimum standards for their care and husbandry.

  9. SMR 13 – Welfare of Animals Bred or kept to produce food, wool, skin, fur, other farming purpose Not applicable to animals used in competitions, shows, cultural or sporting events/activities or animals living in the wild Some horses/ponies exempt

  10. Welfare Requirements Staffing Inspections Record Keeping Freedom of Movement Buildings, Accommodation & Lighting Equipment Nutrition Mutilations Breeding Procedures

  11. Staffing Animals to be cared for by: a sufficient number competent staff

  12. Inspections Animals to be inspected at appropriate intervals – at least once a day Adequate lighting to enable thorough inspection Ill or injured animals to be cared for appropriately without delay Isolate animals as necessary

  13. Record Keeping Records of medicinal treatment and on-farm deaths to be maintained Records above to be retained for at least 3 yrs

  14. Freedom of Movement Must not be restricted so as to cause unnecessary suffering or injury Must be given appropriate space if animal regularly tethered or confined

  15. Buildings Accommodation and Lighting Equipment and materials must not be harmful and be capable of being cleaned and disinfected Accommodation and fittings for securing animals must not have sharp edges or protrusions likely to cause injury Adequate air circulation or ventilation Adequate natural or artificial lighting Animals Outdoors – given protection from adverse weather, predators, risks to health

  16. Equipment Automated or mechanical equipment to be inspected once/day, if broken safeguard health of animals e.g. backup system Artificial vent. System – backup and alarm system tested regularly to warn of breakdown

  17. Nutrition Must be fed appropriate diet Access to feed at appropriate intervals Access to water or other fluid to satisfy fluid intake Ensure non contamination of feeding and watering equipment Harmful effects of competition to be minimised Administering substances detrimental to Health & Welfare

  18. Mutilations Tail Docking on bovines prohibited since 2007

  19. Mutilations Can’t do the following without a local anaesthetic Calves > 14 days: disbudded Cattle > 6 months: castrated Lambs > 7 days: tail docked Sheep > 3 months: castrated

  20. Breeding Procedures Use of breeding procedures likely to cause suffering or injury to animals Animals due to their genetic or physical characteristics cannot be kept without detrimental effect on Health & Welfare

  21. SMR 11 – Welfare of Calves • Calf = Bovine up to 6 months old • Certain checks [> 8 wks in individual pen/pen size/solid walls/unobstructed space] are not applicable under the following situations: • Fewer than 6 calves on the holding or • Calves kept with their mother for suckling

  22. Calf Inspections Housed calves to be inspected twice/day – outdoor calves once/day Treat ill calf appropriately (if required, obtain Vet advice ASAP, isolate on dry comfortable bedding)

  23. Isolation Pen

  24. Freedom of Movement of Calves • Calf Accommodation must allow calf to lie down, rest, stand up, groom itself without difficulty • No tethers (exc. Group-housed -1 hour @ feeding) • Tether use - to allow free movement/no injury • Muzzling not permitted *** Must not be confined to individual pen after 8 weeks without vet cert.

  25. Suitable Individual Calf Hutches?? Are there any issues here to note

  26. Calf Accommodation - Spacing Min. pen width and length of calf pen W = at least height of calf (standing) @ withers L = body length of calf multiplied by 1.1 Sufficient floor space for calves in groups (able to turn around and lie down easily) 1.5m2 for 150kg calf - 1.8m2 for >220kg Individual pens to have perforated walls (to see/touch each other) exc. Isolating sick calf

  27. Types of Individual Calf Pens

  28. Calf Accommodation - Spacing Floors suitable for standing and lying on without causing injury or suffering Lying area comfortable, clean, adequately drained Housing/Pens/Equipment/Utensils – capable of being cleaned & disinfected Appropriate bedding for calves <2 weeks Risk of electric shock from electrical circuits and equipment

  29. Calf Accommodation - Lighting • Not to be kept in permanent darkness • Artificially lit buildings need to be lit for 8 hours

  30. Calf Nutrition • Provide colostrum within 6 hrs of birth • To be fed at least twice a day • Access to food at same time as others in group • Access to a sufficient quantity of fresh water or other fluids for calves > 2 wks • Min. daily ration fibrous food (e.g. straw) • Sufficient Iron in food • In hot conditions or when ill fresh water to be available at all times

  31. Happy Suckie

  32. SMR 12 – Welfare of Pigs Inspection carried out by DAFM Veterinary Inspector

  33. Pig Inspections Sows/Gilts & Weaners/Rearing Pigs • Measures must be taken to prevent fighting where in groups e.g., • providing plentiful straw • separating aggressive pigs • minimising/early mixing

  34. Manipulable Material

  35. Pig Inspections • Individual pens for sick/injured/bullied pigs must allow pig to turn around easily • Use of tranquillising medicines to facilitate mixing to be limited and must be with consultation of Vet

  36. Pig Inspections Pregnant Sows/Gilts to be • treated for external or internal parasites where necessary • thoroughly cleaned if moved to farrowing crate

  37. Freedom of Movement of Pigs – Space • Tethers not permitted (since 01/01/2006) • Farrowing pens to have some means of protecting piglets (farrowing rails) • Unobstructed area behind sow/gilt available for the use of natural or assisted farrowing • Minimum (unobstructed) floor areas e.g., up to 10kg – 0.15 m2, >110kg – 1.0 m2, Sow – 2.25m2,

  38. Pig Accommodation - Buildings • Noise: continuous loud noise not permitted (85 dB) • Comfortable lying area, drained and clean, lie at same time, see other pigs • * Group housing of pregnant sows and gilts from 4 weeks after service to 1 week prior to farrowing (except - fewer than 10 sows) • Week before farrowing – suitable nestling material, unless….. • Must be kept in light of min. 40 lux for a min. 8hrs/day

  39. Pig Accommodation - Floors • Concrete slatted floors for pigs in groups • Max. width of opening - 11mm, piglet • Min. slat width – 50mm for piglets • (Weaners - rearing pigs - gilts and sows) • Floors to be designed not to cause injury or pain – smooth not slippery, weight/size • Boar pens: • allow boar to turn around, hear, smell and see other pigs (6 m2– adult boar) • Natural service – min.10 m2

  40. Pig Weaning Procedures • No piglet shall be weaned <28 days unless for Health & Welfare reason of dam or piglet • Can be weaned on day 21 if moved into specialised housing that is thoroughly cleansed and disinfected to minimise transmission of disease • Also for piglets – • rest together at the same time and suckle without difficulty

  41. Pig Nutrition • Permanent access to sufficient quantity of manipulable material for growing pigs • All pigs must be fed at least once a day, each pig to have access to food @ same time (in groups) • At >2 weeks, must have permanent access to sufficient freshwater • Dry pregnant Sows + Gilts, sufficient bulky or high fibre food as well as high energy food

  42. Pig Mutilations • Tail docking/teeth clipping not to be carried out routinely unless evidence of injuries to other pigs – other measures to be taken first • Castration/tail docking after day 7 only under anaesthetic by Vet

  43. Common non-compliances found The two main areas of non-compliance with Welfare are: • Bovine tail docking • Records Deficiencies

  44. Welfare of Animals Breach Distribution 2016

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