INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI Version with MOVIES on NMWW DVD

1. INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMIVersion with MOVIES on NMWW DVD Banda Aceh December 26, 2004 Krabit, Indonesia

3. TSUNAMI WAVES • Caused by Earthquakes under Ocean, or other events – landslides, volcanic eruptions, asteroid impacts, etc. • In Deep Ocean the Tsunami Wave is only about 3 feet high but 100 miles wide and moving at speed of a jet airplane.

5. Alfred Wegner observed that South America and Africa continents fit like a gig saw puzzle Proposed Continental Drift of Plates (Plate Tectonics) and that 200 million Years ago a super continent of Pangaea existed.

7. SEA FLOOR SPREADING Occurs along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge pushing the African and European Plates away from the North and South American Plates at about 1 inch/year This then pushes the Pacific Ocean floor under the Plates on the opposite side of America Plates and Euroasian and Africa Plates

9. Earthquakes result from Sea Floor Spreading along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge that pushes the Continents over the Pacific Ocean Floor.

11. Earthquakes since 1990

12. Mag 9, 0.58 GMT, 10 km Deep, 250 km SSWof Banda Ache, Indonesia, ~1 m high Tsunami, 20-40 min period, ~350 km wavelength, 200 m/sec

14. FACTS Model – PMEL - Titov

15. Depth Gauge Record of Mercator anchored 1 mile from coast of Phuket, Thailand. Time in hours, Depth in Meters. Reflected OffCoast -2.7, +3.9, -0.5, +1.7, -0.6, +4.9 meters in 41 minutes

16. Jason 1 Altimetry Satellite Tracks TSUNAMI

17. 30 Minute Period, 350 km Wave Length, 200 m/s or 750 km/hr having traveled 1500 km in 2 hours since earthquake – 1 meter max wave height. TSUNAMI

18. Banda Aceh City, SumartaDigital GlobeSatellitePhotos Before After

19. Damage map of Banda Aceh showing the impact of tsunamis wave fronts from two directions. The numerals indicate the tsunami elevation in meters near the beach (white) and flow depth inland (black). (Damage map source: UNOSAT, Tsunami data: Borrero et al. 2006, Jaffe et al., 2006, Matsutomi et al., 2006).

27. Tug Boat and Barge

28. Cement Plant and Survivor

30. ___ 15 meters Men holding 5 meter staff ___

32. Phuket, Thailand

35. Phi Phi, Thailand Before Tsunami Initial Withdrawal

39. Phi Phi After Tsunami

40. Phi Phi After Tsunami

41. Phi Phi Don Island – Pictures taken from Aragon Yacht ¾ mile from land of other Yachts and Boats Withdrawal – Rocks normally underwater First Wave Run-up – 3 minutes later

42. 4 minutes later 5 minutes later

43. Trinkat, Nicobar-Andaman Islands

44. Khao Lak, Thailand – Pictures taken byCanadians – John and Jackie Knill – before they died Withdrawal

50. South India After Tsunami