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Unit 6 Continued

Unit 6 Continued. Post Washington Era Federalists in Power 1796 - 1800 . First Election w/ Political Parties (Partisan) Dominated by Foreign Affairs Split in loyalty of Federalists Hamilton backs Thomas Pinkney Jefferson brought out of “Retirement”. Election of 1796.

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Unit 6 Continued

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  1. Unit 6 Continued Post Washington Era Federalists in Power 1796 - 1800

  2. First Election w/ Political Parties (Partisan) • Dominated by Foreign Affairs • Split in loyalty of Federalists • Hamilton backs Thomas Pinkney • Jefferson brought out of “Retirement” Election of 1796

  3. Election of 1796 • Results: • John Adams 1st – President • Jefferson 2nd – Vice President • Different Political Parties

  4. President John Adams • Obstacles: • Succeeding Washington • Political factions • Retains Washington’s Cabinet • Causes problems because of loyalty to Hamilton

  5. President John Adams • Foreign Affairs • War in Europe • French hostility towards U.S. • Resent Federalists ties w/ England • Personality • Arrogant (unlikable)

  6. The X,Y,Z Affair 1797 • U.S. Diplomats to France • Request meeting w/ Prince Talleyrand • Foreign Minister • French Agents request • Apology for Adams speech • $10 mill. Loan • $250 thousand bribe • U.S. outrage • “Millions for defense but not one cent for tribute”

  7. The X,Y,Z Affair 1797 • Results • Break in relations w/ France - stop of all trade • Hires Privateers • Leads to undeclared Naval War

  8. Undeclared Naval War • Build up of U.S. Military • Raised taxes • Creates Secretary of the Navy • 80 ships lost on both sides • Adams seeks to minimize conflict • Despite public outcry • 1800 Napoleon to power • Ends Treaty of Alliance • U.S> has no obligation to support France, US gave up claim against Damaged ships “War” With France 1798

  9. Enacted by Federalists • Passed a series of laws to suppress Republican opposition & insure power for their own party. • Naturalization Acts • extended the time it took to become a citizen from 5 to 14 years. • Belief that most foreigners joined the Republicans. The Alien & Sedition Acts 1798

  10. The Alien & Sedition Acts 1798 • Alien Acts • President has the power to deport any alien he thought dangerous to the nation’s security. • In time of war, the power to deport or arrest all aliens who come from an enemy nation

  11. Sedition Act 1798 • No Criticism of President / Congress / Cabinet • Heavy fines & Jail • 25 Democratic Republican publishers arrested • Some to jail • Thomas Cooper • Leads to downfall of Federalists The Alien & Sedition Acts 1798

  12. Democratic Republicans response to Alien & Sedition Acts • Written secretly by Jefferson & Madison • Called for: • Freedom of Speech / Press • End to Central Govt. Tyranny • “States Rights” • Nullification • States judge Constitutionality of Laws • May declare Laws “Null & Void” • Major issue in Civil War Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions1798

  13. Election of 1800 • Resentment against Federalists • Alien & Sedition Acts • Split between Hamilton & Adams • Candidates • Federalists: • John Adams & C.C. Pinckney • Republicans • Thomas Jefferson & Aaron Burr • “Dirty Campaign”

  14. Election of 1800

  15. Election of 1800 • Election a tie • Jefferson & Burr • Decided in House of Representatives • 36 Ballots • Great debate • Hamilton verbally attacks Burr • “Most unfit man to be President”

  16. Thomas Jefferson will become president and Aaron Burr will become vice president. • The Election of 1800 was the last time the Federalists came close to winning an election. • The 12th Amendment is added in 1804 to prevent this problem. Election of 1800

  17. Achievements: • Established workable Govt. • Prosperous economy – Manufacturing based • Reasons for Federalist downfall • Viewed as favorable to Upper Class • Distrust of common man • Pro-British policies • Alien & Sedition Acts Decline of the Federalist Party

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