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U.S. Constitution

U.S. Constitution. SSCG6 The student will demonstrate knowledge of civil liberties and civil rights. Examine the Bill of Rights with emphasis on First Amendment freedoms. Analyze due process law expressed in the 5th and 14th Amendments. Preamble. Sets forth goals of the country

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U.S. Constitution

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  1. U.S. Constitution • SSCG6 The student will demonstrate knowledge of civil liberties and civil rights. • Examine the Bill of Rights with emphasis on First Amendment freedoms. • Analyze due process law expressed in the 5th and 14th Amendments.

  2. Preamble • Sets forth goals of the country We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

  3. ARTICLES of the United States Constitution

  4. Article OneLegislative Branch • Creates a bicameral, Congress • Includes a Senate and a House of Representatives.

  5. Article TwoExecutive Branch • President and Vice-President • Chosen by Electoral College • Explains impeachment

  6. Article ThreeJudicial Branch • Establishes Supreme Court (Congress sets up all others) • Requires trial by jury for all criminal cases, and defines the crime of treason.

  7. Article FourState Relations • Defines how the states must work together • Full faith and credit • Extradition • Privileges & Immunities

  8. ArticleFiveAmending the Constitution • Two step process • Proposal • Ratification (approval)

  9. Changing the Constitution Changed 27 times by the rules • Step 1: Proposal • 2/3 of Congress • 2/3 of Constitutional Convention • Step 2: Ratification • 3/4 of state legislatures • 3/4 of state conventions

  10. ArticleSixSupremacy Clause • Establishes the Constitution as the supreme law of the land. • Requires that all legislators, federal officers and judges take oaths to uphold the Constitution.

  11. ArticleSevenRatification • 9 states will be needed to ratify (approve) the Constitution

  12. Amendments to the Constitution Government

  13. 1st • Freedom of • Speech • Press • Petition • Assembly • Religion • Free exercise – practice any religion you want if it does not interfere with the law • Establishment clause – government can’t establish a national religion

  14. 2nd • Right to bear arms • (Can be regulated by the states through licensing laws, wait periods, etc)

  15. 3rd • No quartering of soldiers in times of peace

  16. 4th • No unreasonable search and seizure • Miranda warnings • Warrants

  17. 5th • Rights of the Accused • Can’t be forced to incriminate themselves • Right to a grand jury (decides there is enough evidence for trial) • Can’t be tried for the same offense of law twice (double jeopardy) • Right to due process (fair treatment)  • People have the right to fair compensation when their property is taken by the government (eminent domain)

  18. 6th • Trial Rights • People accused of a crime  • must be told what crimes they have been charged with • have the right to a speedy and public trial • have the right to a lawyer • have the right to question witnesses

  19. 7th • Civil cases (over money and property) disputing more than $20 have the right to a jury trial

  20. 8th • No cruel and unusual punishment, no excessive bail

  21. 9th • Rights of the Individual • Guarantees additional rights not specifically listed anywhere else in the Constitution • Right to privacy is often argued under the 9th

  22. 10th • Powers of the state • Any power not granted to the national government or denied to the states may be taken on by the states

  23. 11th • States can’t be sued by citizens from another state

  24. 12th • Election of the President & V.P. • Separate ballots for Pres & VP in electoral college

  25. 13th • Freedom to former slaves

  26. 14th • Citizenship Rights for all (including former slaves) • Due process Clause • Equal protection Clause

  27. 15th • Voting Rights • No discrimination on the basis of race

  28. 16th • Legalized income tax

  29. 17th • Direct Election of Senators • Before this, Senators were chosen by the state legislature

  30. 18th • Prohibition • Made it illegal to manufacture, sell and/or consume liquor

  31. 19th • Women can vote

  32. 20th • “Lame Duck” • Moved presidential inauguration to noon on January 20th • Moved start date of Congress to noon on January 3rd

  33. 21st • Overturned Prohibition • Repealed the 18th amendment and made liquor legal again

  34. 22nd • Presidential Term Limit • President can only be elected to 2 terms of 4 years each

  35. 23rd • Gave 3 electoral votes Washington DC in the race for president and vice president

  36. 24th • No poll taxes • You don’t have to pay to vote

  37. 25th • Presidential Disability • If Pres dies, VP becomes Pres • If VP dies, Pres picks a new one & Congress has to approve choice

  38. 26th • 18 year olds can vote

  39. 27th • Congressional pay • No pay raise until after they get re-elected

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