Healthy Skin, Hair, and Nails

1. Healthy Skin, Hair, and Nails Ms. Lourdes Martinez 6th

2. The Skin The body´s largest organ. Functions of the Skin: • A shield against water. • A defense against germs. • Helps control body temperature. • Works as a sense organ. • Makes us look the way we do.

3. Parts of the Skin 1. Epidermis – The outermost layer of skin 2. Dermis – The thick inner layer of skin 3. Subcutaneous Layer – Fatty tissue below the dermis Melanin – The substance that gives skin its color.

4. Taking care of your skin – What should we do? • Showeringorbathingregularlywithsoap and water. • Use a mildsoaptohelpkeepyourskinfromdryingout. • Use a lotionifyouhavedryskin. • Washyourhandsoften. • Sunscreenprotection.

5. Skin Problems A. Acne B. Warts C. Boils D. Cold sores E. Sunburn

6. Sun Dangers • Thesun can be more dangerousforyourskinthandirt and germs are. Thesungives off invisible waves of energycalledultravioletrays. Therays cause sunburn and tanning, which are signsthattheskin has beenharmed. • Years of beingthesun can damagyourskin. Over time, skindamagemay lead tocancer. Ifsomeskincancersaren´ttreatedearly, they can cause death.

7. ABCD Rules for Signs of Skin Cancer

8. Sunscreen Protection Followingtheseprecautionswillhelpyoustaysafe in thesun: • Cover up. Wearshirts and pants thatcover and protect as much of yourskin as possible. • Use a sunscreenwithan SPF, sunprotection factor, of at least 30. Applythesunscreen 30 minutes beforegoingoutside. Be generouswhenapplyingthesunscreentoyourbody. Reapplysunscreeneverytwohoursifyou are swimmingorsweating. Use lipbalmwithsunscreentoprotectyourlips. • Wear a hattoprotectyourface, neck, and ears. • Wearsunglassestoprotectyoureyesfromharmful UV rays. • Limityoursunexposure. Stayout of thesunbetween 10 am. and 4 pm., when UV rays are strongest.

9. Caring for Your Nails Yournailsprotectthetips of yourfingers and toes. Keepingyournailstrimmedisimportant fortheirappearance and health. Caringforyournails: • Cleanyournails at least once a day. • Use warm, soapywater and a nailbrushtoremovethedirt and germs. • Watchforchanges in nails. A change can be a sign of illness. • Don´t bite yournails. It can spread germsfromyournailstoyourmouth. • Use nailclippersor manicure scissorstocutyourtoenails and fingernails. • Don´tcutyournailstoo short. It can lead toinfection.

10. Caring for your hair • Much of yourbodyiscoveredwithhair. Eachhairgrowsfrom a pitlikeareacalled a hairfollicle. • There are about 200,000 hairsonyour head. • Theyhelpprotectyourscalpfromthesun. • Theykeepyouwarm in coldweather. Caringforyourhair: • Brushorcombiteachday. • Don´t share combsorbrusheswithfriends. (Head lice can bepassedfrompersontoperson) • Shampooyourhair. • Combyourhairgentlyaftershampooing. • Letyourhairdrynaturally.

11. Personal Hygiene Hormones cause thesechanges in yourbody: • Oilglandsrelease more oil, whichmay cause pimples calledacne. Recommendation: Washyourfaceoftenwithsoap and water. 2. Sweat more thanyoudidwhenyouwereyounger and thesweat has anodor. Recommendation: Dailybathing and usingdeodorantoranantiperspirant.

12. Healthy Teeth and Gums

13. Kinds of Teeth Incisors – Cut into and tear apart food Canines – Grasp and tear food Premolars – Eight short teeth between canines and molars Molars – Do the major work of chewing food

14. Parts of the Tooth Crown – Visible to the eye Neck – Between the crown and the root Root – Found inside the gums Enamel – Covers the crown of the tooth Dentin – Bonelike material surrounding the pulp of the tooth Pulp – Soft tissue containing nerves and blood vessels Cementum – Thin, bonelike material covering the root

15. When is it time to go to the dentist? At about 2:30 (tooth Hurty) he he he (Awesome dentist joke)

16. Taking Care of your Teeth and Gums • Brush your teeth after eating • Floss between your teeth • Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and toothpaste that contains flouride. • Reserve starchy foods and foods high in sugar for mealtimes. • Have regular dental checkups.

17. Dental Problems • Everyone-including you-has bacteria in his or her mouth. These bacteria make a sticky substance calles plaque, which coats your teeth. When the bacteria in plaque break down sugars in the foods you eat, acids form. These acids make holes, called cavities, in your tooth enamel. • If a cavity isn´t treated, the hole spreads through the dentin to the pulp and then to the damaged portion of the tooth. The dentist then fills the hole with a hard material, and the tooth is saved. • Plaque can cause other problems, too. If plaque is allowed to remain on the teeth, it forms a hardened material. This material can cause gengivitis, a gum disease in which the gums become red and swollen.

19. Orthodontia • Some people wear braces, usually for several years, to straighten teeth. After the braces are removed, a person may wear another dental appliance, called a retainer. The retainer keeps the teeth from moving out of place.

20. Thestraightening of crookedteethiscalledorthodontia. • Straighteningteethmakesthemeasiertoclean and helps: • Preventcavities and gumdiseases. • Preventunevenwear of theteeth. • Ensurethatyourteethwilllast a lifetime.