Neurons, Hormones, and the Brain

1. Neurons, Hormones, and the Brain Chapter #4

2. chapter 4 Overview • The nervous system • Communication in the nervous system • Mapping the brain • A tour through the brain • The two hemispheres of the brain • Two stubborn issues in brain research

3. Objectives • Explain the functions and components of the CentralNervous system • Compare and Contrast the Peripheral Nervoussystem and the CNS; including Sensory and Motor neurons • Create a Flow chart of the nervous system=ACADEMIC SKILL ALERT

4. Nervous System: A Basic Blueprint • Neuropsychology- or Neuroanatomy-study the brain and the rest of the nervous system in hopes of gaining a better understanding of consciousness, perception, memory, emotion, stress, mental disorders and self identity • Cells, parts and functions of Neurons

5. Neuropsychology

6. Central Nervous System= 2 parts • Brain and spinal cord • Spinal cord- Extension of the brain • Runs from the base of the brain down the center of the back • Protected by a column of bones, spinal column • Bridge between the brain and the parts of the body below the neck

7. chapter 4 The central nervous system Brain Spinal cord A collection of neurons and supportive tissue running from the base of the brain down the center of the back Protected by spinal column

8. Central N.S.

9. CSN= cont… • Spinal reflexes- automatic behaviors, no conscious effort • For example touch hot iron, move your hand without thinking • React to Dr. hitting knee

10. Spinal Reflexes

11. Spinal reflexes cont… • Neural circuits linked to neural pathways that run up and down the spinal cord= 2 and from the brain, As a result reflexes effected by thoughts and emotions • For example erection in men • However you can control your knee from jerking when it is tapped; and most men can learn to voluntarily delay ejaculation (another spinal reflex)

12. Peripheral nervous system- second part • Handles CNS input and output • Nerves on outside brain and spinal cord • fingers, toes, receiver on radio • Sensory nerves- Carry messages from skin, muscles, to spinal cord then brain • Motor Nerves- Carry orders from CNS to muscles, glands, internal organs. Allow us to move, secrete substances likechemical messengers-Hormones.

14. Hormones

15. chapter 4 Organization of the nervous system

16. Peripheral Nervous system: two parts • Somatic-bodily • Autonomic- (self-governing) • Somatic Nervous system, Skeletal nervous system. • Connected to sensory receptors and to the skeletal muscles, permit voluntary actions • F.E. bug on arm, write name, turn on lights= somatic system active

17. Compare and Contrast

18. Autonomic Nervous System • Autonomic- (self-governing) • Regulates blood vessels • Internal, bladder, stomach, heart • See hot –guy/girl hands sweat, heart pounds • Automatically, without your control • Autonomic in 2 parts as well

19. Work together in opposing ways • Sympathetic nervous system- like accelerator in car. Output, energy. Blush, sweat, pushes up HR/ BP • Parasympathetic- More like a brake, conserve and store energy. Slows HR down

20. Compare and Contrast

21. Summary • Main components of CNS • Peripheral nervous system