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Brain/Neurons/Cerebrum Cerebrum:

Brain/Neurons/Cerebrum Cerebrum:. It is formed of two (2) symmetrical (cerebral ) hemispheres ( Rt & Lt) the hemispheres are separated by a fissure, running from the front to the back. Brain/neurons/Cerebrum/CC The cerebral cortex (CC)*: .

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Brain/Neurons/Cerebrum Cerebrum:

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  1. Brain/Neurons/CerebrumCerebrum: • It is formed of two (2) symmetrical (cerebral ) hemispheres (Rt & Lt) • the hemispheres are separated by a fissure, running from the front to the back.

  2. Brain/neurons/Cerebrum/CCThe cerebral cortex (CC)*: • is a large convoluted (متعرج)outer covering of the brain • Involved in Cognitive function (الوظائف المعرفية)and controlling voluntary action(الحركة الإرادية)

  3. Each cerebral hemisphere is formed of 4 lobes. (فصوص)

  4. Brain/neurons /Cerebrum/CC/ 4lobes /Four lobes of the cerebral hemisphere* • Functionally these lobes constitute : sensory areas, motor areas and association areas 1. The frontal lobes الأمامى: • the largest lobes • in front of the central fissure and above the lateral fissure. 2. The occipital lobes الخلفى: • the lobes at the back of the brain, the smallest lobe • Functionally: involved in vision .

  5. Brain/neurons/Cerebrum/CC/ 4lobes / 3. the parietal lobes الجدارى: • the lobes between the frontal lobes and the occipital lobes and above the lateral fissure. 4. The temporal lobes الصدغى: • at the temple bone (side part of skull) below the lateral fissure and in front of the occipital lobes.

  6. Brain/neurons/Cerebrum/CC/ 4lobes / RASReticular Activating System RAS*: • is a network of nerve fibers • extending from the brain stem to the cerebrum • involved in one’s level of arousal & activation • acts like a valve (صمام منظم), allows sensory messages to pass from lower centers up to the higher centers of the brain or not, partially or totally.

  7. Brain/neurons/Cerebrum/CC/ 4lobes/ RAS /Limbic S./Limbic System(الجهاز الطرفى): • a collection of small structures on both sides of thalamus ..under the cerebrum • Functionally involves: • emotion(الإنفعالات) • motivation (الدافع) الحماسى)reactions • Emotional association with long-term memory storage (الذاكرة الطويلة المدى) • stimulation cause aggression and rage (operates by influencing endocrine & autonomic nervous system

  8. Brain/neurons/Cerebrum/CC/ 4lobes/ RAS /Limbic S./ Th. & HypoTh.Thalamus (المهاد): • It is the final sensory relay station • projects sensory fibers to their proper location in the cerebrum • Functionally involved in: • regulating sleep-wake cycles. • Sensory messages from the lower body, eyes, ears and other senses (except for smell) pass through the thalamus.

  9. Brain/neurons/Cerebrum/CC/ 4lobes/ RAS /Limbic S./ Th. & HypoTh.Hypothalamus(المهيد): • small structure near the center of the brain • part of the limbic system. • involved in: • feeding & Drinking • temperature regulation • regulation of the endocrinesystem (الغدد الصماء/ الهرمونات). Applied:Acupuncture diet(الإبر الصينية)

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