1 / 27

Warm Up

Warm Up. How are rocks broken down? How are rocks formed? List the 3 types of rocks produced by the rock cycle. Geosphere. Just like the spherical layers in an onion, the Earth has multiple layers that serve different purposes. Layers by Composition

gotzon
Download Presentation

Warm Up

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Warm Up • How are rocks broken down? • How are rocks formed? • List the 3 types of rocks produced by the rock cycle.

  2. Geosphere • Just like the spherical layers in an onion, the Earth has multiple layers that serve different purposes. • Layers by Composition • The crust is less than 1% of Earth by mass. The two types are oceanic crust and continental crust. • The mantle is hot, ultramafic (filled with magnesium and iron) rock. It represents about 68% of Earth's mass. • The core is mostly iron metal. The core makes up about 31% of the Earth. • Layers by Mechanical Properties • The lithosphere is composed of both the crust and the portion of the upper mantle and behaves as a brittle, rigid solid. • The asthenosphere is partially molten upper mantle material and

  3. Lesson 2:The Rock Cycle How rocks are created and destroyed……then created again.

  4. Key Terms • Igneous • Sedimentary • Metamorphic • Lava • Magma • Foliation • Deposition

  5. Major Rock Groups • Igneous • Formed when rocks melt into magma or lava and then cool • Intrusive: (plutonic) slow cooling and crystallization; when magma within the lithosphere • Extrusive: (volcanic) quick cooling at the surface; when lava cools on the surface of the lithosphere

  6. Fig. 2.9 MAGMA

  7. Obsidian is a dark-colored volcanic glass that forms from the very rapid cooling of molten rock material. It cools so rapidly that crystals do not form.

  8. Major Rock Groups Sedimentary Formed at the Earth’s surface when other rocks are weathered, eroded, deposited, Clastic (Mineral Fragments or grains, clays) Chemical (crystalline chemical/biochemical precipitates) 9

  9. About Metamorphic Rocks… • Metamorphic is Greek for… • change in form http://www.yourdictionary.com/images/main.metamorphosis.jpg

  10. Major Rock Groups Metamorphic Changed by pressure, temperature and fluids. When rocks bend or partially melt due to strong forces in the lithosphere Do not melt 11

  11. Classification of Metamorphic Rocks… • Foliated… • wavylayers and bands that are caused by minerals with flat crystals that form long axes perpendicular to the pressure Gneiss Schist Slate

  12. IGNEOUS Crystallization MAGMA

  13. IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization MAGMA

  14. Weathering Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization Uplift MAGMA

  15. SEDIMENT SEDIMENT Weathering Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Crystallization Uplift MAGMA

  16. Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY Crystallization Uplift MAGMA

  17. Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY Crystallization Uplift MAGMA

  18. Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY Increased P&T METAMORPHIC Crystallization Burial Uplift MAGMA

  19. Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic Can you see any shortcuts? SEDIMENTARY Increased P&T METAMORPHIC Crystallization Melting Burial Uplift MAGMA

  20. Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY Increased P&T METAMORPHIC Crystallization Melting Burial Uplift MAGMA

  21. In Conclusion… • The rock cycle demonstrates the relationships among the three major rock groups • It is powered by the interior heat of the Earth • As well as earth’s momentum and… • The energy from the sun • It involves processes on the Earth’s surface as well as the Earth’s interior • It connects the “hydrologic cycle” with the “tectonic cycle”.

  22. Erosion SEDIMENT Weathering Transport Deposition Volcanic IGNEOUS Plutonic SEDIMENTARY Increased P&T METAMORPHIC Crystallization Melting Burial Uplift MAGMA

  23. The Rock Cycle… • How are igneous rocks formed? • By melting, cooling, and crystallization • What happens to igneous rocks that undergo weathering and erosion? • They become sediments • How do sediments become sedimentary rocks? • By deposition, burial, compaction, and cementation

  24. The Rock Cycle (continued)… • What forces cause sedimentary rocks to be transformed into metamorphic rocks? • Heat and pressure – without melting! • How can metamorphic rock be transformed into igneous rock? • By melting, cooling and crystallization of magma • How can sandstone be transformed into sediment? • By erosion

  25. The Rock Cycle – A Diagram http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/rock.html http://www.learner.org/interactives/rockcycle/diagram.html

More Related