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A CCD in place of an MCP:

A CCD in place of an MCP:. Using a CCD for the direct detection of electrons in a low energy space plasma spectrometer. Robert Bedington – PhD Student Dhiren Kataria & Dave Walton -Supervisors. Overview. Miniaturised electron analyser CCD Experimental setup Analysis methods and results

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A CCD in place of an MCP:

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  1. A CCD in place of an MCP: Using a CCD for the direct detection of electrons in a low energy space plasma spectrometer Robert Bedington – PhD Student DhirenKataria&Dave Walton -Supervisors

  2. Overview • Miniaturised electron analyser • CCD • Experimental setup • Analysis methods and results • A proposed student instrument

  3. CATS – Conceptual And Tiny Spectrometer • CATS analyser head – uses electrostatic optics to transmit particles of different energy bandpasses out different apertures onto a detector • Usually an MCP or CEM detector is used. We are experimenting with using a CCD as these can be easier to work with. CATS CATS + CCD

  4. CCD – E2V CCD64-00 CCD image frame CATS aperture area • Integral Mission spare • E2V x-ray special order • back thinned • Full Frame • 1nm dead layer • Not ion implanted • Tested with laser cut mask of UCL logo and Nickel radioactive source. • …which caused permanent damage

  5. Experiment aims • Imaging electrons at the CATS apertures • Verifying previous CATS Angular and Energy calibrations • Assess suitability for a sounding rocket instrument

  6. Experimental Setup Thermally conductive braid Photocathode Liquid Nitrogen Side schematic: CATS + CCD Vacuum Chamber and Mu metal case Elevation motor Data and electrical connections CATS and CCD Azimuth motor Voltage applied to electrodes MSSL electron analyser calibration chamber MSSL electron analyser calibration chamber

  7. CCD Energy Response Varying electron beam energy whilst adjusting CATS accordingly. Mulassis (GEANT4) simulations Penetration of 500eV electrons into CCD Dead Layer Each data point is nine CCD frames summed. Each frame is ~4 second acquisition Full simulations performed by another student at MSSL

  8. Images of Electrons exiting CATS analyser head:Two different techniques Composite images of multiple CATS Voltages/angles • ‘Long’ Integrations • Showing ‘A’ Channels here • ~3 sec acquisitions • scaled background frame removes dark current and UV • ‘Short’ Integrations • Showing ‘B’ Channels here • 1000 frames per step • 1 frame ~10ms acquisition • Averaged frame removed and individual electron events extracted • (less stable)

  9. CATS analyser - Voltage and angular calibrations Take total counts in aperture areas at each voltage/angular step to produce calibrations Some rough results as examples: Counts (ADU) Angular scans for a single channel Different peaks here refer to different CATS channels

  10. PoleCATS – CATS and CCD on a sounding rocket • REXUS student flight – launch 2013 • Recruitment of students • Instrument Development/ Mechanical / Science / Outreach • Sponsorship • Funding & donated components • FPGA, CCD, cooling etc • http://rexuspolecats.com

  11. Summary • CATS is a miniaturised plasma analyser head • CCD directly detected and imaged electrons at its exit apertures • CCD is sensitive to electrons with KE > 500eV • Effective detector for laboratory calibrations • Effective detector for space based instruments? – TBC http://rexuspolecats.com

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