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US HIstory

Chapter 3 Section 4. US HIstory. 1660 – tobacco prices fall (largest American exported crop) Large plantations can recover, small farms cannot Building Colonies took work and people Homes, land, churches, crops, and harvest

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US HIstory

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  1. Chapter 3 Section 4 US HIstory

  2. 1660 – tobacco prices fall (largest American exported crop) • Large plantations can recover, small farms cannot • Building Colonies took work and people • Homes, land, churches, crops, and harvest • Indentured Servants – people who agreed to pay off a debt by doing work without pay • Also, English criminals, Scottish and Irish POW’s, and African slaves sent to Americas A Dark Spot in US History

  3. DFS 3-4 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

  4. Sir George Calvert (Lord Baltimore) – Catholic • Wanted a Catholic colony in the Americas • Died before gaining the grant from the king • Son, Cecilius Calvert, carried on the dream (never went) • Sent his two brothers to set up the colony • Named after Virgin Mary or Queen Henrietta Maria • Baltimore – Maryland port on the Potomac River • All people were asked to grow tobacco and one other crop (corn, wheat, veggies, and fruit) • Most owners were very wealthy, so workerscame Maryland

  5. Boundary between Maryland and Pennsylvania • Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon – British astronomers who drew the line • In Maryland, Protestants always outnumbered Catholics from the beginning • Act of Toleration – law that granted Catholics and Protestants the right to worship freely • Repealed in 1692 by the English government • Maryland became Anglican Mason – Dixon Line

  6. Nathaniel Bacon – planter and leader in western VA • Opposed the Eastern dominated government in VA • Led western VA settlers in Native American attacks • Led army on Jamestown and burn capital • Governor Berkeley exiled from VA • Bacon’s Rebellion – showed American rebel-nature and began militia for protection Virginia

  7. Carolina – Latin for “Charles’ Land” • Settlers formed a city “Charles’ Town” (Charleston) • John Locke – English political philosopher • Wrote the Carolina constitution – plan of government • Northern and Southern Carolina • North – mostly farmers and forest farmers (no port) • South – Good Harbor, most from Barbados, land produced rice (required hard labor) • Used Slaves to harvest sugar and rice • Eliza Lucas – developed flower crop “indigo” • Called “Blue Gold” of Carolina • More than half of Southern Carolina’s population was slaves • North and South Carolina split over governmental representation Goin’ To Carolina

  8. Last British colony – General John Oglethorpe • Planned as a debtor colony • Debtors – those who are unable to repay debts • Also, it was the buffer for Spanish attacks • First town = Savannah – forts to defend from Spain • Outlawed slavery, Catholics, and rum • Due to demand, slavery and rum bans lifted • GA had the highest non-British population on a British colony Georgia ON My Mind

  9. Quebec – founded by the French • 1663 – New France becomes a French colony • Louis Joliet (fur trader) and Jacques Marquette (priest) – explored the Miss. River • Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle – explored the Miss. again claimed the territory for King Louis XIV (Louisiana) • Founded a port named New Orleans • Tenant farmers – settlers pay a lord an annual rent and worked for lord a fixed number of days • New France grew so slowly that the Native Americans were not forced off their lands (France = respect) New France

  10. Spain settled all over South, Central, and North America • Santa Fe - Spanish settlement • Arizona, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and California • Goal = set up a boundary between France and Mexico • Missions – religious settlements established to convert people to a faith • Junipero Serra – Franciscan monk founded a mission in San Diego • Set up 8 more missions along El Camino Real ( The Royal Highway) – Los Angeles and Monterey New Spain

  11. Checking for Understanding Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. __ 1. laborer who agreed to work without pay for a certain period of time in exchange for passage to America __ 2. farmer who works land owned by another and pays rent either in cash or crops __ 3. religious settlement __ 4. person or country that owes money __ 5. a formal plan of government A. indentured servant B. constitution C. debtor D. tenant farmer E. mission A D E C B Section 4-28 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers.

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