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What does your family tree look like?

What does your family tree look like?. Draw your family tree. Include as many relatives as you know. Color code relationships. Antigone’s family tree. Laius married Jocasta = child Oedipus Jocasta married Oedipus= 4 children Antigone Ismene Polyneices Eteocles .

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What does your family tree look like?

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  1. What does your family tree look like? • Draw your family tree. • Include as many relatives as you know. • Color code relationships.

  2. Antigone’s family tree • Laius married Jocasta= child Oedipus • Jocasta married Oedipus= 4 children • Antigone • Ismene • Polyneices • Eteocles. • Jocasta brother is Creon • Considering Antigone’s family background, what type of person do you think she might be? Support your answer with examples.

  3. Where do you stand? • Loyalty or obligation to family • Obedience to civil law • Observance of religious law • Protection of personal dignity • Protection of community or nation • Choose one and explain your selection.

  4. Greek Drama • Presented by the State at annual religious festivals. • Presented for the moral and ethical improvement of the spectators. • Appealed to the ethos, logos, and pathos of the audience. • Ethos: appeal to the sense of moral obligation. • Logos: appealing to a person’s sense of reason. • Pathos: appealing to the heart or the person’s emotions.

  5. Antigone by SophoclesInteresting facts • Actors were all male- masks were worn for female parts. • Scenes of dramas were outdoors. Indoor scenes were reported by messenger. • No violence on stage. • The action took place in one day. • No curtains or intermissions.

  6. Tragedy • Tragedy: purpose to invoke emotions of the spectators. • Explores the question of the ways of God to man. • Serves to purify emotions • Shows how man is brought to disaster by a single flaw in his character. • Causes a reflection of life.

  7. Tragic Hero • Tragic Hero: Man or Woman capable of great suffering. • Believes in freedom of choice. • Usually prideful • Deep sense of commitment • Identify a character from your favorite movie or story you would consider to be a tragic hero. What are their characteristics and why do you consider them to be a tragic hero?

  8. Rank the following in order of importance. • Loyalty or obligation to family • Obedience to civil law • Observance of religious law • Protection of personal dignity • Protection of community or nation Explain why you ranked them in that particular order.

  9. POP Quiz • What is Athena’s Roman name? • Zeus controls the fate of _____________? • To “suspend your disbelief” means to ___________________ according to the text. • Dramatic Irony happens when the _____________ know more about ____________ than the __________________

  10. Prologue and Parodos • The Greeks believed that the spirit of a dead person could enter Hades only after the body had been purified and buried. • Until the proper rites were performed, the person hovered at the gate of Hades, neither alive or completely dead. • What are some modern day rituals and beliefs relating to the dead?

  11. Prologue and Parodos • Women in ancient Greece had to depend on male relatives for support. • Girls married when they were thirteen or fourteen, and their husbands often were more than twice their age. • Women in wealthy households were secluded, had no legal rights, and did not inherit property. • If a woman’s husband died, a man in her family, her guardian, would try to find her another husband.

  12. Structure of TragedyImportant Terms • Prologue: gives the background information to understand the events of the play • Parodos: the song sung by the chorus as it makes it entrance. • Episodes/Scenes: the main action of the play • Odes: songs (and often dance) that reflect on the events of the episodes, and weave the plot into a whole. • Paean: a prayer of thanksgiving to Dionysos in whose honor the Greek plays were performed. • Exodos: sung by the chorus as it makes its final exit, which usually offers words of wisdom related to the actions and outcome of the play.

  13. Function of the Chorus • Set the mood. • Interpret events. • Relieve tension. • Summarize meaning of action. • Talk to and give advice to the characters. • Give background information.

  14. Prologue and Parodos • How are Antigone and Ismene characterized? List characteristics for each and reasons for your decision. • Which sister has the stronger argument? List reasons for both sides on a t-chart. Which sister would you side with? Why? • How does the Parodos differ in tone and content from the Prologue? Create a t-chart to identify similarities and difference in content.

  15. What would you do? • In what type of situation would you disobey a rule or law to help a friend? • Describe the situation and explain your reasoning for the disobedience.

  16. Scene One • What does Creon reveal about his character in his opening speech? List three characteristics and evidence to support your claim. • What does Creon list as important principles for a ruler? • When the Choragus asks Creon “King, can it be that the gods have done this?” Why does this anger Creon? • In Ode 1, what opinion does the Chorus express about the importance of law in society?

  17. Conflict • Conflict: a struggle or clash between opposing characters, forces or emotions. • External conflict- character struggles against an outside force- another character, society, force of nature. • Internal conflict- a character struggles between opposing personal needs, desired, or emotions within himself or herself. • Provide an example from the drama for each type of conflict.

  18. Scene 2 • How does Antigone defend her actions? Why does she welcome death? • Why does Ismene change her mind about her brother’s burial? Do you think Antigone is justified in her refusal of Ismene’s support? Explain your answer. • Antigone tells Creon “All these men here would praise me/ Were their lips not frozen shut with fear of you.”Is this a true statement? • According to Ode 2, what human fault does the Chorus say is responsible for the “curse of heaven”? Which character(s) is/are guilty of this fault?

  19. Scene 2 • Antigone has various motivations for her defiance of Creon’s decree. What do you think are her guiding principles? • Write a paragraph explaining the reasons for Antigone’s defiance. Cite passages from the play to support your interpretation.

  20. Scene 3 • Figurative language is language that describes one thing in terms of another. • For Example: Lovitt is boiling mad! • The worksheet Antigone, Scene 3 and Ode 3 contains several statements from the play. In each statement circle the figurative word or phrase and then explain its meaning.

  21. Scene 3 • What is Haemon’s argument for not killing Antigone? Does he have a strong argument? Why? Or Why not? • Creon changes his mind about Antigone’s punishment. What are his reasons for this change? • What are the Choragus’s thoughts concerning the actions in Scene 3?

  22. Scene 4 • Ode 4 tells of 4 different stories from the past. These stories serve as an example of events that have happened in the story of Antigone. • Identify the story in each stanza and write the story in your own words. • Compare each story to the events within the story of Antigone. How is each story an example for the events in Antigone.

  23. Trial of Antigone • Create a chart that separates Defense for Antigone and Prosecution against Antigone. • List your evidence: Actions, thoughts, speech or other evidence provided by the characters. • Create an opening statement (75 words minimum) for each side: This argument statement (paragraph) outlines your basic thoughts for the prosecution and defense of Antigone. Include your evidence within your paragraph.

  24. Scene 4 • Antigone rebukes the Chorus for laughing at her and denying her “all pity”. Is she right in her treatment of the Chorus? Explain your answer. • What are your feelings for Antigone in this scene? Do you find her more or less sympathetic as a character? • Is the purpose of Ode 4 to glorify Antigone’s fate or to condemn her pride? Explain your answer.

  25. Scene 5 • Why is it ironic that Teiresias is blind? What added meaning does this irony give to his prophecy? • Who do you think is to blame for the play’s tragic ending? Explain your answer.

  26. Scene 5 • Theme is the authors message to the reader. • Theme can be stated directly but most often is implied by the reader. • The worksheet Antigone Scene 5, Paean, and Exodus requires you to answer questions concerning events within the play. Consider the events and create a “theme statement” about human nature.

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