Investigate and understand the natural world

1. Investigate and understand the natural world Explain events in the natural world Use those explanations to make useful predictions

2. SCIENCE Organized way of using evidence to learn about the natural world

3. Observation Process of gathering information about events or processes in a careful orderly way

4. 9 4 8 DATA 2 Quantitative: Data expressed in numbers 7 3 Qualitative: Characteristics that can’t be counted cold Brown old Happy angry short

5. There are 9 ducklings Quantitative

6. The cat appears angry Qualitative

7. Inference: Logical interpretation based on prior knowledge or experience Water Testing The crater lake of Volcan Irazu, Coast Rica

8. hypothesis hypothesis hypothesis hypothesis hypothesis hypothesis

9. hypothesis Scientific explanation for a set of observations hypothesis hypothesis hypothesis hypothesis hypothesis

10. hypothesis Prior Knowledge hypothesis hypothesis Logical Inference Informed creative imagination hypothesis hypothesis hypothesis

11. Gathering Data Controlled experiment hypothesis hypothesis hypothesis Testable hypothesis hypothesis hypothesis

13. What does it mean to describe a scientist as a skeptical? Question both existing and new ideas Science is ALWAYS changing

14. Steps in designing an experiment

15. Steps in designing an experiment ? ? ? Ask a question ? ? Form a hypothesis ? ? Set up a controlled experiment Record and analyze results Draw a conclusion

16. Spontaneous Generation The idea life could arise from non-living matter

18. Controlled Experiment Experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time. All other variables should be kept unchanged or controlled Manipulated variable: Variable that is deliberately changed. Responding variable: Variable that is observed and changes in response to the manipulated variable.

19. Controlled Experiment Experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time. All other variables should be kept unchanged or controlled Sun Manipulated variable: Variable that is deliberately changed. Responding variable: Variable that is observed and changes in response to the manipulated variable. Water Food

20. Controlled Experiment Experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time. All other variables should be kept unchanged or controlled Sun Sun Water Food

21. Controlled Experiment Experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time. All other variables should be kept unchanged or controlled Sun Sun Water Manipulated variable Responding variable Food

22. Controlled Experiment Experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time. All other variables should be kept unchanged or controlled Sun Water Water Food

23. Controlled Experiment Experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time. All other variables should be kept unchanged or controlled Sun Water Responding variable Water Manipulated variable Food

24. Controlled Experiment Experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time. All other variables should be kept unchanged or controlled Sun Sun Water Food Food

25. Controlled Experiment Experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time. All other variables should be kept unchanged or controlled Sun Sun Water Food Food

26. Controlled Experiment Experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time. All other variables should be kept unchanged or controlled Sun Sun Experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time. All other variables should be kept unchanged or controlled Manipulated variable Water Food Food

27. Controlled Experiment Experiment in which only one variable is changed at a time. All other variables should be kept unchanged or controlled Sun Manipulated variable: Variable that is deliberately changed. Responding variable: Variable that is observed and changes in response to the manipulated variable. Water Food

28. Why do scientists publish their results? So the experiment can be repeated Why do scientists publish their results? So the experiment can be repeated Why do scientists publish their results? So the experiment can be repeated Why do scientists publish their results? So the experiment can be repeated

29. Why are controlled experiments sometimes impossible? Ethics prevents experiments on humans In the field, researchers try not to disturb animals they observe

31. Theory Well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observation Theory of relativity E=mc2

32. Well tested explanation Theory vs. Proposed explanation Hypothesis

33. Characteristics of living things Make up of units called cells Grow and develop Reproduce Obtain and use materials and energy Respond to environment Stable internal environment As a group, change over time Genetic code

34. Cell Collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier that separates the cell from it’s surrounding

35. unicellular: contains only one cell

36. Multicellular: contains many cells

38. Reproduction Sexual reproduction: Two different parents unite to produce the first cell of the new organism Asexual reproduction: New organism has one parent. Divides in half or by budding.

39. BOTH Sexual or Asexual Reproduction?

40. DNA: Deoxyribosenucleic Acid: directions for inheritance

41. Obtain and use materials and energy: Metabolism: Chemical reactions through which on organism builds up or breaks down materials as it carries out its life processes Energy Energy Energy Energy Energy Energy

43. Respond to environment • Ducks flying south for the winter • Alligators slow down eating • Bears sleep in the winter months • Artic fox’s coat changes color

45. Stimulus: Signal to which an organism responds. External Internal Low blood sugar=eat Seed responding to water, sunlight, and nutrients = growth

47. Homeostasis Maintain a relatively stable internal environment 98.6

48. Homeostasis Maintain a relatively stable internal environment 98.6

49. Homeostasis Maintain a relatively stable internal environment 98.6 SWEAT to maintain Homeostasis

50. Homeostasis Maintain a relatively stable internal environment 98.6