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SPONGE

Learn about food chains and webs, trophic levels, and the roles of consumers in ecosystems. Discover the importance of keystone species and the potential impacts of their extinction on the environment.

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SPONGE

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  1. SPONGE Name a keystone species, and predict what might happen if that species went extinct.

  2. KEY CONCEPT Food chains and food webs model the flow of energyin an ecosystem.

  3. GRAMA GRASS DESERT COTTONTAIL HARRIS’S HAWK • A food chain is a model that shows a sequence of feeding relationships. • A food chain follows the connection between one producer and a single chain of consumers within an ecosystem.

  4. A food web emphasizes complicated feeding relationships and energy flow in an ecosystem. ENERGY

  5. At your table please describe these types of consumers: • Herbivores? • Carnivores? • Omnivores? • Decomposers?

  6. carnivore decomposer • Herbivores eat only plants. Ex: grasshopper • Carnivores eat only animals. Ex: Lion • Omnivores eat both plants and animals. Ex: Bears • Detritivores eat dead organic matter. Ex: Worms, slugs • Decomposers are detritivores that break down organic or dead matter into simpler compounds. Ex: bacteria, Fungi • Consumers are not all alike.

  7. Specialists are consumers that primarily eat one specific organism (they only eat one thing) Ex: Bamboo is 99% of a panda’s diet • Generalists are consumers that have a varying diet (they eat a lot of different things) Ex: Gray wolf eats elk, moose, deer, and mice

  8. Trophic levels are the nourishment levels in a food chain.

  9. Carnivores that eat carnivores • Ex: Hawk eating rabbit ENERGY • Carnivores that eat herbivores • Ex: Rabbit eating grasshopper • Herbivores that eat producers • Ex: grasshopper eating grass

  10. Omnivores, such as humans that eat both plants and animals, may be listed at different trophic levels in different food chains. • If you are eating a salad you are….? • a primary producer (omnivore eating a producer) • If you are eating a hamburger you are….? • a secondary producer (omnivore eating a herbivore) • If you are eating shark soup, you are….? • a tertiary consumer (omnivore eating a carnivore)

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