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Comprehensive Guide to Shoulder Fractures: Anatomy, Treatments & Complications

Understand fractures around the shoulder, including clavicle, scapula, and proximal humerus fractures. Learn about mechanisms of injury, classifications, clinical presentations, radiographic findings, treatments, complications, and rehabilitation.

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Comprehensive Guide to Shoulder Fractures: Anatomy, Treatments & Complications

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  1. FRACTURES AROUND SHOULDER

  2. Fractures around Shoulder • Fractures of Clavicle • Fractures of Scapula • Fractures of proximal Humerus

  3. Fractures of Clavicle

  4. Surgical Anatomy

  5. FRACTURES OF THE CLAVICLE • FUNCTIONS OF THE CLAVICLE • Power and Stability of the arm • Motion of the shoulder girdle • Muscle Attachments • Protection of the Neurovscular Structures • Respiratory Function • Cosmesis

  6. FRACTURES OF THE CLAVICLE • INCIDENCE OF INJURY: 4% • MECHANISM OF INJURY: - Direct - Indirect • CLASSIFICATION OF CLAVICLE FRACTURES: • Fractures of the Middle third of the clavicle - 76% • Fractures of the Lateral third of the clavicle- 21% • Fractures of the medial third of the clavicle – 3% • CLINICAL PRESENTATION : Pain, swelling, deformity, loss of function

  7. FRACTURES OF THE CLAVICLE • ASSOCIATED INJURIES • Associated Skeletal Injuries • Fractures of the clavicle and Scapula • (The Floating shoulder ) • Injuries to the Lungs and Pleura • Brachial plexus Injuries • Vascular Injuries • RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS • Shaft Fractures • Fractures of the lateral third • Fractures of the Medial third

  8. FRACTURES OF THE CLAVICLE • TREATMENT • Conservative: Broad arm sling for 3-4 weeks • Operative

  9. FRACTURES OF THE CLAVICLE • INDICATIONS OF OPERATIVE TREATMENT Open fractures Fractures with neurovascular compromise Polytrauma Floating shoulder (combined clavicle & scapula fractures) Symptomatic non-unions Cosmesis

  10. OPEN REDUCTION

  11. FRACTURES OF THE CLAVICLE • COMPLICATIONS • Nonunion • Mal-union • Neurovascular compromise

  12. FRACTURES OF SCAPULA

  13. Fractures of ScapulaSurgical Anatomy

  14. Fractures of Scapula • Incidence: 1% • Mechanism of Injury: Direct/Indirect RTA, Fall from height • Associated Injuries: Clavicle fractures 15 - 40% Rib fractures 25 - 50% Pulmonary injuries 15 - 55% Humeral fractures 12% Brachial Plexus 5-10% Skull fractures 25% Lower Limb fractures 11% Major Vascular injury 11% Splenic lacerations 8%

  15. Fractures of Scapula Classification: • Fractures of body of scapula • Fractures of neck of scapula • Fractures of glenoid cavity • Fractures of coracoid process • Fractures of acromion process

  16. Fractures of Scapula • Clinical Features: Pain, swelling, deformity, loss of function • Diagnosis: Plain X-rays, CT scan • Treatment: 90% treated conservatively- Broad arm sling for 4-6 weeks

  17. Fractures of Scapula Indications for Operative treatment: • unstable fractures • combined injuries

  18. FRACTURES OF THE PROXIMAL HUMEURS

  19. Fracture of the proximal Humeurs • Anatomy

  20. Fracture of the proximal Humeurs

  21. MECHANISM Of INJURY • Direct injury • Indirect injury • CLASSIFICATION OF FRACTURES OF THE PROXIMAL HUMEURS • Non displaced • Displaced • Neer four-part classification • AO Classification

  22. INVESTIGATIONS • X-rays (AP and Lateral views) • CT Scan

  23. Treatment • NON-OPERATIVE Cuff and collar sling • OPERATIVE ORIF with wires Sutures Plates Screws Replacement of humeral head with Prosthesis

  24. OPERATIVE TREATMENT

  25. REHABILITATION • Range of motion exercises • Muscles strengthing exercises

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