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El Subjuntivo

El Subjuntivo. Expressing uncertainty …or… I wish I were a millionaire!. Indicative. Use when you know something for certain Yo sé que tú compras un coche rojo. Use when you make an observation without any doubt Yo veo que tú estás enfermo.

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El Subjuntivo

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  1. El Subjuntivo Expressing uncertainty …or… I wish I were a millionaire!

  2. Indicative • Use when you know something for certain • Yo sé que tú compras un coche rojo. • Use when you make an observation without any doubt • Yo veo que tú estás enfermo. • Use any verb or phrase that states a matter of fact or that is without any doubt before an indicative • Some are: saber, ver, oír, leer, es cierto que, es sin duda que… • Es cierto que tienes un coche rojo.

  3. Subjunctive • Use subjunctive when talking about something that is NOT REALITY. • Use to suggest something with doubt or uncertainty. • To suggest someone does something, put the action (VERB) in the subjunctive. There is no absolute certainty that he/she will do it. • Yo sugiero (suggest) que tú compres un coche rojo. • Use the subjunctive because this person may or may not buy the car.

  4. Verbs Used to Indicate the Subjunctive • Use a verb or a phrase that suggests that someone do something, or says that it is necessary that someone do something • Use this verb or phrase followed by a “que”

  5. Verbs that “Suggest”: • Sugerir – to suggest • Decir – to tell • Pedir – to ask for, order • Insistir – to insist • Esperar – to hope • Requirir – to require • AND MORE…

  6. Phrases for Necessity • Es necesario que • It is necessary that • Es importante que • It is important that • Es mejor que • It is better that • AND MORE…

  7. Sentence Structure • Subject + Verb or Phrase Indicating a suggestion or necessity + que + different subject + subjunctive verb + the rest of the sentence • THERE MUST BE A CHANGE OF SUBJECT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! • THERE MUST BE A VERB OF WANT/DOUBT/ SUGGESTION/NECESSITY!!!!!!!!! • Example: • Yo quiero que tú estudies esta noche. • Although I want you to study, I have no idea if you will or if you won’t. It is not reality. It is just what I want you to do.

  8. AR e -emos es -éis e -en Yo/hablar Hable Ellos/nadar Naden ER/IR a -amos as -áis a -an Nosotros/beber Bebamos Usted/tener Tenga Subjunctive EndingsDrop the –o in the yo form and add the opposite endings

  9. Irregulars • Stem changers (Boot Verbs) – still stem change. (Nosotros and Vosotros = e-i, o-u, for –IR verbs) • e-i (pedir, servir) • e-ie (cerrar) • o-ue (mover, dormir) • -car, -gar, -zar – no accent marks on the “e” • car – que • gar – gue • zar - ce

  10. Irregulars • Especiales • Elegir (to elect) – e-i, g-j • elija • Conocer (to know) • conozca • Empezar (to begin) – e-ie, zar – ce • empiece

  11. Dar – to give dé -demos de -deis dé -den Estar – to be esté -estemos estés -estéis esté -estén Ir – to go vaya -vayamos vayas -vayais vaya -vayan Saber – to know sepa - sepamos sepas -sepais sepa -sepan Ser – to be sea -seamos seas - seais sea -sean Ver – to watch,see vea -veamos veas -veais vea -vean Irregulars

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